The Money Tree, a popular houseplant, captivates with its distinctive appearance and cultural significance. It is a favored choice for both plant enthusiasts and those interested in inviting prosperity into their homes.
The True Money Tree: Pachira aquatica
The money tree is botanically identified as Pachira aquatica. This species originates from the wetlands and marshy regions of Central and South America, where it can grow up to 60 feet tall in its native habitat. As a houseplant, it typically remains much smaller, often reaching heights of 6 to 8 feet.
Pachira aquatica is characterized by its broad, palmate leaves, which typically feature five to seven leaflets radiating from a central point. Its trunk can develop a swollen base, known as a caudex, which stores water and contributes to its resilience, allowing it to tolerate some fluctuations in moisture availability.
Common Forms You’ll Encounter
While the term “money tree” almost exclusively refers to Pachira aquatica, the “varieties” commonly seen in cultivation are primarily different forms achieved through specific growing methods rather than distinct botanical variations. The most recognizable form is the braided trunk, which is not a natural growth habit but a result of human cultivation. This popular style is created by weaving together the pliable young stems of multiple individual Pachira aquatica plants before they mature and become woody.
The braiding process involves carefully intertwining usually three to five young, flexible stems, which then continue to grow in this formation. As the plants age, their trunks can thicken and even fuse together, enhancing the braided appearance. Another common form is the single-trunk money tree, which represents the plant’s natural growth habit without any artificial manipulation. This form allows the plant to develop a more traditional tree-like structure, often with a more pronounced and sturdy central trunk.
Beyond these structural forms, some less common variations might include those marketed for their size, such as ‘Mini’ or ‘Bonsai’ forms, which are cultivated through pruning and shaping to maintain a smaller stature. Occasionally, a ‘Variegata’ form with white or cream patterns on its leaves may be found, adding a different visual appeal. However, these are less prevalent than the braided or single-trunk types, which dominate the market.
Choosing Your Money Tree and What to Look For
To choose a healthy money tree, examine the foliage for vibrant green color; avoid yellowing leaves, as this can indicate issues such as overwatering, nutrient deficiencies, or insufficient light.
Check the undersides of leaves and along the stems for any signs of pests, such as sticky residue, webbing, or visible insects. Healthy stems should feel sturdy and firm, not soft or mushy, which could point to root rot. If considering a braided money tree, ensure the braid is uniform and that each plant within the braid appears equally robust. When choosing between forms, visually distinguish the multi-stem braided plants from those with a single, unbraided trunk, considering your aesthetic preference and the space available.
General Money Tree Care
Money trees prefer bright, indirect light, ideally placed near a window that receives filtered sunlight for at least four to six hours daily. Direct, intense sunlight can scorch the leaves, leading to browning or discoloration.
Watering should be done when the top one to two inches of soil feel dry to the touch, as money trees are susceptible to root rot from overwatering. Water thoroughly until water drains from the bottom of the pot, then discard any excess water from the saucer. A well-draining potting mix, often containing peat moss, perlite, or sand, is recommended to prevent waterlogging.
Money trees appreciate moderate to high humidity, so consider misting the leaves regularly, using a pebble tray, or placing a humidifier nearby, especially in dry indoor environments. During the active growing season in spring and summer, a balanced liquid houseplant fertilizer can be applied every two to four weeks, diluted to half the recommended strength. Common issues like yellowing leaves can often be attributed to overwatering or nutrient imbalances, while browning leaf tips may suggest low humidity or insufficient watering.
Symbolism and Lore
The money tree holds deep cultural significance and is widely associated with bringing good luck and prosperity. It is particularly revered in Feng Shui practices, where it is believed to attract financial success and positive energy, or “chi,” into a home or business. The distinctive five-lobed leaves of Pachira aquatica are often considered auspicious, symbolizing the five elements of Feng Shui: wood, water, earth, fire, and metal.
The braided trunk, a common feature of cultivated money trees, is thought to “trap” good fortune within its intertwining stems, preventing wealth from escaping. This symbolism has made the money tree a popular gift for housewarmings, weddings, and business openings, representing wishes for abundance and sustained prosperity. The plant’s resilient nature and steady growth are also seen as reflections of enduring good fortune.