The Chinese Lantern Plant is recognized for its distinctive papery, lantern-like calyx, often bright orange or red, that forms around its fruit. This unique botanical feature provides significant ornamental appeal, adding vibrant, seasonal color to landscapes and floral arrangements, especially as autumn approaches.
Understanding the Name
The common name “Chinese Lantern Plant” is applied to several distinct plant species, which can often lead to some confusion among gardeners. While some of these plants are closely related and share the iconic “lantern” feature, others are entirely different botanically. The shared common name typically arises from a visual resemblance, either because of a papery husk surrounding a fruit or the shape of the flowers themselves. Understanding these distinctions is important for selecting the right plant for specific gardening goals.
True Chinese Lantern Plants
The plants most directly associated with the “Chinese Lantern” name belong to the Physalis genus, known for their inflated, papery calyxes. Physalis alkekengi is the classic example, originating from Southern Europe and Asia, and is a hardy perennial. This species produces bright orange to vivid red calyxes that enclose a small, berry-like fruit, and it is primarily cultivated for these ornamental husks. Its rhizomatous root system allows it to spread vigorously, forming dense patches in garden beds.
A closely related species is Physalis franchetii, often considered a subspecies of P. alkekengi, with very similar characteristics. These two are frequently used interchangeably in horticulture, both displaying the characteristic vibrant, papery lanterns. Their primary appeal lies in their decorative autumnal display rather than their small, somewhat bitter fruits. Both thrive in full sun to partial shade and prefer well-drained soil.
Beyond these ornamental types, other Physalis species are known for their edible fruits, though they also possess a papery husk. Physalis peruviana, commonly known as Cape Gooseberry or Goldenberry, produces a sweet-tart, golden-orange fruit encased in a less ornamental, often tan or purplish calyx. This species is cultivated primarily for its culinary fruit, which is often used in jams, desserts, or eaten fresh. The husks of P. peruviana are typically less vibrant and more functional, protecting the developing berry.
Another member of this genus is Physalis ixocarpa, recognized as the tomatillo. While it also develops within a papery husk, this plant is cultivated almost exclusively for its tart, savory fruit, a staple in Mexican cuisine. The husks of tomatillos are usually green or purplish and split open as the fruit matures, clearly indicating their primary purpose is edible and not ornamental. These species highlight the diverse uses within the Physalis genus, from decorative elements to culinary ingredients.
Other Plants Called “Chinese Lantern”
Confusion sometimes arises because plants from the Abutilon genus are also commonly referred to as “Chinese Lantern,” despite being botanically distinct from Physalis. These plants, often called Flowering Maples, are typically shrubs or small trees. Their “lantern” resemblance comes from their bell-shaped, pendulous flowers, which hang gracefully from the branches. Unlike Physalis, where the calyx forms the lantern, in Abutilon, the flower itself creates the lantern-like shape.
Abutilon species display a wide range of flower colors, including shades of orange, yellow, red, and pink, often with prominent stamens extending from the bell. Their leaves typically resemble those of maple trees, hence the common name “Flowering Maple.” These plants are commonly grown as ornamental shrubs in warmer climates or as houseplants and tender perennials in cooler regions. They require different care compared to Physalis, generally preferring consistent moisture and protection from frost. The decorative appeal of Abutilon lies in its continuous blooming throughout much of the year, offering a prolonged display of colorful, hanging blossoms.
Selecting the Right Plant for You
Choosing the appropriate “Chinese Lantern” plant depends largely on your gardening objectives and local climate conditions. For those seeking the iconic, brightly colored papery lanterns for ornamental display, Physalis alkekengi or Physalis franchetii are the most suitable choices. These hardy perennials are best for garden beds where their spreading habit can be managed or appreciated. They provide significant visual impact, especially in autumn and early winter.
If your interest lies in cultivating edible fruits, Physalis peruviana (Cape Gooseberry) or Physalis ixocarpa (Tomatillo) would be more appropriate. These species are grown for their distinct culinary applications, and their growing conditions are more akin to those required for tomatoes. They typically need ample sunlight and well-drained soil to produce a bountiful harvest.
For gardeners desiring a continuous display of lantern-shaped flowers, particularly in containers or as houseplants, Abutilon species are an excellent option. These plants offer a different kind of “lantern” appeal, with their vibrant, bell-shaped blossoms. Considering factors such as available space, desired visual effect, and your local climate zone will help ensure you select the best “Chinese Lantern” plant for your specific needs.