A chalazion is a common, usually harmless bump that can appear on a toddler’s eyelid. This small lump forms when a tiny oil gland within the eyelid becomes blocked. Understanding what a chalazion is and how to manage it can help alleviate worries.
Understanding Chalazions in Toddlers
A chalazion develops when a meibomian gland, a small oil gland within the eyelid, becomes blocked. These glands produce an oily substance that lubricates the eye’s surface. When the oil cannot properly drain, it accumulates, leading to a firm, round lump that typically feels painless. The lump often develops slowly and can appear on either the upper or lower eyelid.
A chalazion differs from a stye, another common eyelid bump. A stye is generally a painful, red bump closer to the eyelid edge, often at an eyelash base, and is typically caused by a bacterial infection. In contrast, a chalazion is usually not painful or infectious, though it can become irritated and red.
Home Care and Observation
Home care for chalazions involves applying warm compresses to the affected eyelid. A clean, warm (not hot) washcloth held gently against the closed eyelid for 10 to 15 minutes, three to four times a day, is recommended. Following the warm compress, a gentle massage towards the eyelashes with a clean finger can further aid in drainage.
Maintaining good eyelid hygiene is also important. Gently clean the eyelids to remove excess oils and debris, using a warm washcloth or diluted baby shampoo. Parents should avoid squeezing or trying to pop the chalazion, as this can cause irritation or lead to infection.
Key Indicators for Medical Attention
While many chalazions resolve with home care, certain signs indicate the need for professional medical attention. If the chalazion becomes increasingly painful, red, or swollen, especially if swelling extends beyond the immediate area, a doctor should evaluate it. Signs of infection, such as pus, fever, spreading redness around the eye, or difficulty opening the affected eye, warrant immediate medical consultation.
A chalazion that impacts the child’s vision also requires prompt assessment, such as if the lump blocks sight or causes blurry vision. Concerns arise if the chalazion is very large, grows rapidly, or does not improve after several weeks of consistent home care. Frequent, recurring chalazions also warrant professional evaluation.
Professional Assessment and Treatment
When a chalazion requires professional medical attention, a doctor will examine the child’s eye. If an infection is present or suspected, the doctor may prescribe antibiotic eye drops or ointment.
For persistent chalazions not responding to conservative measures, medical treatments may include steroid drops or injections to reduce inflammation. In rare and persistent cases, particularly if the chalazion is large, impacts vision, or causes significant discomfort, a minor surgical procedure may be considered. This procedure, often an incision and drainage, is typically performed by an ophthalmologist and usually requires general anesthesia for toddlers. Surgery is generally a last resort, as many chalazions resolve on their own.