A night guard is an oral appliance worn during sleep, designed to protect teeth from grinding and clenching (bruxism). It also alleviates related symptoms like jaw pain and excessive tooth wear. While beneficial, a night guard can, in some instances, contribute to headaches.
How Night Guards Can Lead to Headaches
An improper fit is a common reason a night guard might cause headaches. A guard that is too tight, loose, or improperly molded can pressure teeth and the temporomandibular joints (TMJ). This strains jaw muscles, causing localized pain that radiates to the head, often resulting in tension-type headaches around the temples or forehead.
An ill-fitting or poorly designed night guard can alter the jaw’s natural resting position. When the jaw is misaligned, chewing and speaking muscles work harder, leading to fatigue and strain. This muscular imbalance can trigger tension headaches or facial pain extending to the head and neck.
Material and thickness also play a role in headache development. Excessively thick guards (over 3mm) can force teeth apart unnaturally, stressing the TMJ and causing jaw muscle fatigue and discomfort. Uncomfortable materials might also prompt unconscious clenching or straining.
An ill-fitting or generic night guard can inadvertently worsen clenching or grinding. Its bulkiness or improper design might stimulate jaw muscles, increasing activity instead of relaxation. This heightened muscle engagement can intensify jaw pain and related headaches.
Night guards can also aggravate pre-existing temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ disorders). If not properly designed or if the underlying TMJ issue is not addressed, the device may stress compromised joints and muscles. This can intensify symptoms like jaw pain, clicking, or limited jaw movement, which are linked to various headaches, including tension-type and migraines.
Addressing Night Guard-Related Headaches
If headaches are suspected to be related to night guard use, consult the dentist who provided it. A dental professional can assess its fit and function, identifying issues contributing to discomfort. Self-adjusting or discontinuing use without professional guidance is not recommended, as it could worsen the problem or lead to new dental issues.
Simple adjustments to the night guard’s fit can often resolve headaches. The dentist might refine its contours or bite surface to ensure even pressure distribution and balanced jaw resting. Sometimes, a complete refitting or a new custom-made guard based on updated impressions may be necessary for optimal comfort and effectiveness.
Different materials or designs might be explored if the current guard is problematic. Night guards come in various types, including soft, hard, and dual-laminate options. A dentist can recommend a change in material or design, such as a thinner guard for lighter grinders, to better suit individual needs and reduce jaw strain.
Addressing underlying dental or medical issues is also crucial. The dentist might identify and suggest treatment for conditions like TMJ disorders or severe bruxism that require more comprehensive intervention than just a night guard. This could involve physical therapy, medication, or specialized TMJ splints.
In cases of severe pain, a dentist might advise temporary discontinuation of the night guard. This decision should always be made under professional guidance to prevent further dental damage or symptom exacerbation. Proper care and maintenance, including regular cleaning, also contribute to effectiveness and prevent issues like bacterial buildup.
When Headaches Aren’t From Your Night Guard
Headaches are a widespread ailment with numerous potential causes beyond night guard usage. Many common types, such as tension headaches, migraines, and cluster headaches, are not directly related to jaw or dental issues. These primary headaches stem from overactivity or problems with pain-sensitive structures in the head and can occur independently of any oral appliance.
Lifestyle factors frequently contribute to headaches and can be mistaken for night guard-induced pain. Dehydration, insufficient sleep, and high stress are common triggers. Other factors like eye strain, poor posture, or caffeine withdrawal can also lead to head pain.
Headaches can also be symptoms of various medical conditions, from sinus infections to neurological issues. Conditions like high blood pressure, influenza, or dental problems unrelated to bruxism can manifest with headache symptoms. If headaches persist, are severe, or are accompanied by other concerning symptoms, seeking professional medical advice is recommended for accurate diagnosis and treatment.