Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy provides a steady stream of air to maintain open airways during sleep, serving as a common treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. Many CPAP devices include a heated humidifier, which adds moisture to the air delivered to the user, enhancing comfort and preventing dryness. A frequent question among individuals undergoing this therapy concerns the appropriate type of water to use in these humidifiers.
The Recommended Water for CPAP Humidifiers
Distilled water is the only type of water recommended for use in CPAP humidifiers. This recommendation stems from its unique purity, as the distillation process removes minerals, chemicals, and other contaminants found in tap water and other processed water types. The absence of these dissolved solids prevents the formation of mineral deposits on the humidifier’s heating plate and within the water chamber.
Using distilled water helps maintain the internal components of the CPAP machine. This practice ensures hygienic operation by minimizing the potential for mineral buildup, which can become a breeding ground for microorganisms if not properly addressed. This preserves the device’s functionality and extends its overall lifespan.
Why Alkaline Water Is Not Suitable for CPAP
Alkaline water is unsuitable for CPAP humidifiers due to its distinct chemical properties. This type of water typically has a higher pH level, often ranging from 8 to 10, compared to the neutral pH of 7 found in pure distilled water. This elevated pH is usually a result of dissolved alkaline minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonates, which are present in higher concentrations than in standard tap or purified water.
The increased concentration of these dissolved minerals accelerates mineral deposit formation in the humidifier and tubing. These deposits accumulate on the heating element and in the water chamber, impairing efficiency. The elevated pH of alkaline water may also chemically interact with or degrade the materials of the water chamber, seals, or other internal components, potentially leading to premature wear or damage to the device.
Consequences of Using Non-Distilled Water in CPAP
Using non-distilled water, such as alkaline, tap, or purified water, in a CPAP humidifier leads to several issues. A primary consequence is mineral scale accumulation on the heating plate and inside the water chamber. This buildup reduces heating efficiency, requiring more frequent and rigorous cleaning.
Non-sterile water also introduces bacterial and mold growth in the humidifier and tubing. Inhaling contaminated air poses health risks like respiratory irritation or infections. Impurities also affect CPAP performance, leading to premature component failure and potentially invalidating the warranty.