A yeast infection, or vaginal candidiasis, is a common condition caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida, most often Candida albicans. This imbalance results in symptoms like itching, irritation, and discharge. A menstrual cup is a reusable, flexible device, usually made of medical-grade silicone, inserted into the vaginal canal to collect menstrual fluid. Using an internal device during an active fungal infection raises concerns about hygiene safety. The primary concern is whether the cup can interfere with healing or become a reservoir for fungal spores, potentially leading to re-infection.
Using the Menstrual Cup While Infected
While the cup material is non-porous and does not foster yeast growth, using it during an active infection requires careful consideration. The inflamed tissues of the vulva and vagina are highly sensitive. Friction from inserting, removing, or wearing the cup can worsen existing irritation and swelling. This physical interference may delay the healing process, especially if medicated creams or suppositories are being used to treat the infection.
The greater risk is that Candida spores present in the vaginal environment can cling to the cup’s surface. If the cup is not meticulously cleaned and sterilized, these spores can survive and be reintroduced during the next use, potentially triggering a new infection. Because the fungal presence is heightened during a period, the potential for contamination is significantly higher. Medical guidance often suggests pausing cup use until the infection is completely cleared to prevent a cycle of re-infection.
Essential Sterilization Procedures
If a menstrual cup was used during an active or suspected yeast infection, deep sterilization is necessary before its next use to destroy lingering fungal spores. Standard cleaning with water and soap is insufficient to eliminate Candida and must be followed by thermal sterilization. Boiling the cup in water for a specific duration is the most reliable method to ensure the complete destruction of microorganisms.
For thorough sterilization, submerge the cup in vigorously boiling water for 5 to 10 minutes. Ensure the cup does not rest on the bottom of the pot, as direct heat can damage the silicone material. Before boiling, use a mild, pH-balanced, and fragrance-free soap to wash away visible residue. Pay close attention to the small suction holes near the rim. These holes can harbor organic material and yeast spores if not scrubbed clean with a small brush or interdental cleaner.
Avoid strong chemical cleaners, harsh soaps, or scented washes entirely, as their residue can irritate the sensitive vaginal environment. While boiling is the primary sterilization method, some individuals opt for an optional deep clean by soaking the cup overnight in a diluted solution of food-grade hydrogen peroxide and water. This extra step can help remove stains and break down fungal remnants, but it must be followed by a final rinse and the mandatory boiling step before the cup is stored.
Alternatives and When to Seek Medical Guidance
If a yeast infection coincides with a menstrual cycle, using external or less intrusive products is recommended to allow the vaginal environment to heal without physical irritation. Highly breathable options, such as all-cotton disposable pads or period underwear, are preferable. They reduce the moisture and heat that can exacerbate fungal overgrowth. While tampons are also internal, they can be a temporary substitute for cup users, but they should be changed frequently and only used if they do not cause discomfort.
It is important to seek professional medical guidance if symptoms are severe or persist beyond a few days of over-the-counter treatment. Signs that warrant a doctor’s visit include intense pain, significant swelling, or a fever accompanying the infection. Recurrent candidiasis, defined as four or more infections within a year, also requires medical evaluation to identify underlying health factors. Prioritizing complete recovery from the infection is the most effective approach, even if it means temporarily sacrificing the convenience of cup use.