The Distinct Taste and Smell
A decaying tooth can cause a persistent, unpleasant taste in the mouth, often described as foul, metallic, sour, or putrid. This taste, along with a strong, repulsive smell, results from bacterial activity within the decaying tooth structure. It frequently accompanies bad breath, known as halitosis, originating from the same bacterial processes.
The presence of this distinct taste and smell suggests tooth decay has progressed. While brushing and mouthwash might temporarily mask the odor, they do not resolve the underlying problem, as the source is within the diseased tooth. This persistent oral sensation serves as an early warning sign of a dental issue.
Beyond Taste: Other Indicators of a Rotten Tooth
While an unusual taste or smell signals a problem, other common indicators often accompany a decaying tooth. A prominent sign is a toothache, ranging from a mild ache to sharp pain, especially when chewing. Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks is also a frequent symptom, occurring as the protective enamel wears away and exposes the underlying tooth layers.
Visible changes to the tooth’s appearance can also occur. These include dark spots, from brown to black, or visible holes or pits on the tooth surface. Initially, white, chalky spots may appear, indicating early mineral loss, which can darken as decay progresses. Swelling or bleeding gums around a specific tooth can also suggest advanced decay, as infection may spread to surrounding tissues.
Why Rotten Teeth Taste and Smell Bad
The unpleasant taste and smell from a rotten tooth stem from biological and chemical processes driven by bacteria. As tooth decay progresses, bacteria, especially anaerobic species, proliferate within the affected tooth structure. These bacteria break down food particles and the decaying tooth material itself, including enamel and dentin.
During this breakdown, bacteria produce volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) like hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide. These gaseous byproducts are responsible for the foul, “rotten egg” or sulfurous odor and persistent bad taste. Infected pulp tissue decomposition also releases sulfur-containing gases, contributing to the offensive smell. Additionally, decayed teeth can trap food debris, which ferments and exacerbates the production of these foul compounds.
What to Do About a Suspected Rotten Tooth
If you suspect a rotten tooth based on taste, smell, or other symptoms, seek prompt professional dental evaluation. Self-diagnosis is insufficient, and delaying treatment can lead to more serious complications, including the spread of infection. A dentist can conduct a thorough examination, including X-rays, to accurately diagnose decay extent.
Treatment options vary with decay severity. For minor decay, a fluoride treatment might halt progression. If a cavity has formed, a filling can repair the tooth by removing the decayed portion and restoring its structure. More advanced decay reaching the inner pulp may require a root canal to save the tooth. In severe cases where the tooth cannot be saved, extraction might be necessary, followed by replacement options like implants or bridges.