Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance in the vagina’s natural bacteria. This occurs when certain bacteria overgrow, disrupting the delicate vaginal environment. Many individuals experience BV, and a frequent question during treatment involves the advisability of swimming. This article explores considerations for swimming while treating bacterial vaginosis and offers guidance for maintaining vaginal health.
Understanding Bacterial Vaginosis and Its Treatment
Bacterial vaginosis occurs when the normal balance of microorganisms in the vagina shifts, leading to an overgrowth of certain anaerobic bacteria while beneficial lactobacilli decrease. While not classified as a sexually transmitted infection, BV is more common in sexually active individuals, as sexual activity can influence the vaginal bacterial environment. Symptoms often include a thin, grayish-white vaginal discharge with a distinct “fishy” odor, particularly noticeable after intercourse. Some individuals may also experience vaginal itching or a burning sensation during urination, though many have no symptoms at all.
Treatment for bacterial vaginosis involves antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider. These medications restore the natural bacterial balance within the vagina. Common antibiotics include oral options like metronidazole or secnidazole, and vaginal applications such as metronidazole gel or clindamycin cream. It is important to complete the full course of prescribed medication, even if symptoms improve, to ensure effective treatment and reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
Swimming While Treating Bacterial Vaginosis: Key Considerations
Swimming during bacterial vaginosis treatment is not recommended due to factors that could hinder healing or worsen symptoms. Chlorinated pool water can irritate sensitive vaginal tissues. The chemicals used to disinfect pools, including chlorine, can disrupt the vagina’s natural pH balance, exacerbating discomfort, itching, or burning. This irritation can make the vaginal area more vulnerable, potentially prolonging recovery.
Swimming environments can also increase the risk of re-infection or delay healing. While swimming itself does not cause BV, a wet swimsuit creates a warm, moist environment conducive to the growth of bacteria and yeast. Chlorine, while killing harmful bacteria in the pool, can also reduce beneficial bacteria in the vagina, making the area more susceptible to an imbalance or overgrowth of problematic organisms. During treatment, the vagina is less able to protect itself from external factors that could lead to recurrence or worsening of the infection.
Water exposure can also impact the effectiveness of vaginal medications. If using a vaginal gel, cream, or suppository, swimming could dilute or wash away the medication before it has been fully absorbed or had its intended effect. For optimal medication efficacy, wait at least 24 hours after inserting a vaginal suppository before swimming. Consulting a healthcare provider for personalized advice is recommended, and prioritizing the full resolution of the infection is the most cautious approach.
Resuming Swimming and Preventing Recurrence
It is recommended to wait until the full course of bacterial vaginosis treatment is completed and all symptoms have fully resolved before resuming swimming. If uncertain about whether the infection has cleared, consulting a healthcare provider for confirmation can provide reassurance and prevent potential setbacks. This ensures the vaginal microbiome has had sufficient time to re-establish a healthy balance.
Several general practices can help maintain vaginal health and reduce the likelihood of BV recurrence.
Avoid douching, as it can disrupt the vagina’s natural bacterial balance and pH levels.
Wear underwear made from breathable fabrics, such as cotton, to wick away moisture and promote airflow, discouraging bacterial overgrowth.
Promptly change out of wet swimwear after swimming to prevent a damp environment that can foster bacterial growth.
Practice good hygiene, like wiping from front to back after using the toilet, to prevent bacteria from the anus from entering the vagina.
Use mild, unscented soaps for intimate hygiene and avoid harsh or perfumed products to maintain the vagina’s delicate balance.
Stay well-hydrated to support overall bodily functions, including vaginal health.
Complete any prescribed antibiotic course entirely to prevent recurrence.