When a dental crown unexpectedly comes loose, the temptation to use a common household adhesive like superglue (cyanoacrylate) is strong due to its instant bonding power. Using non-dental glues, however, creates immediate and long-term problems that far outweigh the temporary convenience. Contacting a dentist is the first step, but understanding the dangers of a do-it-yourself repair is important for protecting the underlying tooth structure.
Why Household Adhesives Are Dangerous
Household adhesives, specifically those containing cyanoacrylate, are not formulated for use inside the human mouth. These products can leach toxic chemicals into the oral environment upon contact with saliva and mucous membranes. Furthermore, the glue will eventually break down due to the constant presence of moisture and digestive enzymes in the mouth.
Cyanoacrylate adhesives cure through an exothermic reaction, generating heat as the bond forms. Applied to a sensitive prepared tooth, this heat can damage the underlying tooth pulp or gum tissue, causing pain and inflammation. Superglue also forms a permanent, rigid bond that is too thick for the precise fit required for a dental crown. If the crown is seated slightly off-kilter, the hardened glue can cause bite misalignment, leading to jaw pain or fracturing the crown or the natural tooth.
Using a permanent adhesive creates significant difficulty for the dentist who must remove the crown to inspect the tooth. Superglue bonds so strongly that removal may require grinding the crown off, potentially damaging the underlying tooth structure and necessitating a new crown. Since the crown may have fallen out due to decay or a fracture, sealing it with permanent glue prevents the necessary professional diagnosis and treatment.
Immediate Safe Temporary Fixes
While waiting for your dental appointment, you can temporarily secure the crown using approved materials. First, gently clean both the inside of the crown and the prepared tooth (the abutment) to remove debris or old cement. Ensure the crown is completely dry before attempting to re-fit it.
The safest temporary solution is an over-the-counter dental cement kit, available in most pharmacies. These materials are non-toxic and provide a weak, easily removable hold, allowing the dentist to take the crown off later. Place a small amount of temporary cement inside the crown, position it correctly on the tooth, and gently bite down to secure it.
If a dental repair kit is unavailable, a thin layer of sugar-free gum, toothpaste, or petroleum jelly can act as a temporary barrier. These materials do not provide true adhesion but keep the crown in place and protect the sensitive tooth surface from temperature and air exposure. Avoid chewing on that side of the mouth until a dentist has properly reattached the crown.
What a Dentist Does to Reattach a Crown
A dental professional’s approach begins with a thorough inspection to determine why the crown failed. The dentist examines the underlying tooth for new decay, a fracture, or a change in the bite. If decay is present, it must be treated first, as reattaching the crown over an active cavity is ineffective.
The next step is meticulous cleaning, where the professional removes all traces of old cement, debris, or foreign material from both the crown and the tooth. This preparation is essential for a successful bond. The dentist then uses a professional-grade luting agent, a specialized dental cement (such as resin-modified glass ionomer), which is biocompatible and moisture-resistant. This cement is chemically formulated to achieve a strong, durable seal that withstands chewing forces.
After the crown is cemented, the dentist performs a precise bite check (occlusion check) to ensure the crown fits perfectly with the opposing and adjacent teeth. Adjustments are made to the crown’s surface to prevent excessive pressure points that could cause future failure or damage to the tooth or jaw. This comprehensive process ensures the longevity and function of the restoration.