Leg pain is common, especially during rapid development. Many associate leg pain in younger individuals with “growing pains,” raising questions about its presence in late adolescence. Understanding growing pains and other causes of leg discomfort in young adults can clarify these concerns.
Understanding Growing Pains
Growing pains are recurring aches, typically in the legs, that affect children. These pains often manifest in the thighs, calves, or behind the knees. They are intermittent, frequently appearing in the late afternoon or evening, and sometimes severe enough to awaken a child from sleep. Despite the name, there is no direct evidence linking these pains to the actual process of growth.
The discomfort is usually felt in the muscles rather than the joints. Growing pains commonly affect children between the ages of 3 and 12. These pains typically resolve by morning, and the child experiences no limping or visible signs of injury like redness or swelling.
Growing Pains Beyond Childhood
The term “growing pains” specifically describes a childhood condition. True growing pains are uncommon at age 18, as significant skeletal growth typically concludes by late adolescence. Growth plates, cartilage areas at the ends of long bones that facilitate lengthening, usually fuse between ages 15 and 25. Bone maturity for girls often occurs between 14 and 16 years, and for boys, between 15 and 17 years.
Once growth plates fuse, bones no longer lengthen. Therefore, leg pain in an 18-year-old is likely due to other causes, not “growing pains” in the traditional sense. The specific childhood condition generally resolves by this age.
Other Reasons for Leg Pain in Young Adults
Leg pain in young adults, particularly around age 18, often stems from musculoskeletal issues. Overuse injuries are common, especially for individuals involved in sports or regular physical activity. Repetitive stress on muscles and tendons can lead to conditions such as muscle strains, tendinitis, or shin splints. Shin splints, for example, involve pain and inflammation along the shinbone, frequently seen in runners.
Beyond overuse, muscle fatigue and cramps can cause discomfort. These can sometimes be linked to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances. Other causes include minor injuries like sprains, or issues related to posture and muscle imbalances. Less commonly, leg pain might indicate a vitamin D deficiency.
When to Consult a Doctor
While many instances of leg pain are benign and resolve with rest, certain symptoms warrant medical evaluation. It is advisable to consult a doctor if the pain is persistent, worsens over time, or interferes with daily activities. Specific “red flag” symptoms that require prompt medical attention include pain accompanied by swelling, redness, or warmth in the affected area, as these could indicate an infection or inflammation.
Additionally, if the pain causes limping, is severe enough to prevent weight-bearing, or occurs after an injury, a medical professional should assess it. Other concerning signs include fever, rash, unexplained weight loss, or pain that is localized to a single limb or joint. Seeking timely medical advice can help identify the underlying cause and ensure appropriate treatment.