Coral Bells (Heuchera) are highly valued perennial plants known for their colorful, ruffled foliage that provides year-round interest. Division is a standard horticultural practice for Heuchera and is necessary for the long-term vigor of the plant. This process multiplies existing stock and actively rejuvenates older specimens, ensuring they continue to thrive.
Why Division is Essential for Plant Health
Over time, typically every three to five years, a mature Coral Bell develops a woody, tough central crown just at or above the soil line. As this central portion ages, the plant’s ability to take up water and nutrients diminishes, leading to a reduction in vigor and flowering performance. This aging process often results in the plant dying out in the center, a clear sign that the crown has become congested and unproductive.
Active growth and root production shift to the outer edges of the clump where younger tissue is forming. Dividing the plant removes the spent, woody center and separates the healthy, vigorous outer sections into new, independent plants. This rejuvenation restores the plant’s capacity to absorb nutrients, promoting lush foliage production. Division is a fundamental maintenance task that ensures the perennial’s survival and ornamental appeal.
Optimal Timing for Division
The success of dividing Coral Bells depends on choosing a time when the plant is under the least environmental stress. The two ideal windows for this procedure are early spring or early fall. Dividing in early spring, just as new growth emerges, allows the divisions the entire warm season to establish a robust root system before the onset of winter.
If dividing in the fall, it is important to complete the task at least four to six weeks prior to the first expected hard frost in your region. This window gives the newly separated roots time to anchor themselves and begin healing before the ground freezes. Division should be avoided during the intense heat of mid-summer, as high temperatures and transplanting shock put excessive strain on the plant.
Step-by-Step Guide to Splitting Coral Bells
The process begins by carefully digging up the entire plant clump using a garden fork or spade, ensuring a wide circle is dug to preserve the root system. Once lifted, gently brush away excess soil to expose the root ball and the woody crown structure. Inspect the crown to identify the healthy, outward-growing sections. These sections are typically found around the circumference and have active growth buds, often called “eyes.”
Use a sharp, clean gardening knife or spade to slice the clump into smaller sections. Each new division must contain a cluster of leaves, at least one healthy growth eye, and a substantial portion of the fibrous root system. Discard the old, dense, and woody central core of the plant, as it has lost its vitality. Before replanting, prepare the new site by incorporating organic material like compost to improve drainage and fertility.
Care After Transplanting
Immediate and consistent hydration is necessary for the survival of newly transplanted Coral Bell divisions. The severed roots need a steady supply of moisture to recover from the shock of division and begin extending into the new soil. Water the divisions thoroughly immediately after planting, settling the soil around the roots and removing air pockets.
For the first few weeks, maintain consistently moist soil, especially if division was performed when temperatures are rising. Placing the new divisions in temporary shade, particularly during the hottest part of the day, will help minimize water loss. Avoid applying heavy, fast-release fertilizers immediately. The focus should be on root establishment, not rapid top growth; wait until you observe active new foliage before considering a light, balanced feed.