A water pick, also known as an oral irrigator or water flosser, is a handheld oral hygiene device that uses a stream of pulsating water to remove plaque and food debris from between teeth and below the gumline. This method of interdental cleaning is popular for its ease of use and effectiveness, particularly for those with braces, implants, or dental bridges. The question of whether this personal care tool can be shared is common, as the device is often integrated into the daily routine of many households.
The Core Risk: Cross-Contamination
Sharing a water pick poses a health risk due to the potential for cross-contamination of oral bacteria and other pathogens. The device contacts the mouth, saliva, and sometimes small amounts of blood, especially in users with gingivitis. This contact allows the tip and internal components to harbor microorganisms responsible for gum disease and other infections. The moist environment inside the tubing and tip creates a favorable setting for bacterial and viral survival, even if the device appears clean. These pathogens can then be transmitted via the water jet to a subsequent user.
Mitigating Sharing Risks: The Role of the Tip
If a single water pick unit must be used by multiple people, the solution involves using interchangeable nozzles or tips. The main pump unit and reservoir are less concerning than the nozzle, which is the primary point of contact with saliva and plaque. Each individual must be assigned their own distinct, color-coded tip, which should be stored separately. However, studies indicate that bacterial contamination can still occur because the internal plumbing of the machine may already be colonized. Therefore, while individual tips are a necessary precaution, the safest practice is for each person to have their own complete unit.
Maintenance and Hygiene for Individual Use
Long-term hygiene depends on the proper maintenance of the machine’s internal components, regardless of whether the unit is shared or used individually. The reservoir, handle, and internal tubing can accumulate mineral deposits and biofilm, which harbors bacteria and compromises effectiveness. The reservoir should be cleaned regularly, often weekly, to prevent the growth of mold in stagnant water. A common maintenance procedure involves filling the reservoir with warm water and white vinegar, then running the solution halfway through the unit. The remaining solution should sit for about 20 minutes before being flushed out completely with clean water.