Flying with blocked arteries requires understanding how air travel impacts the cardiovascular system. While challenges exist, careful planning and medical advice can often make air travel possible.
How Flight Conditions Impact Arterial Health
Air travel introduces several physiological changes that can affect arterial health. Commercial aircraft cabins are pressurized to an altitude that results in a lower partial pressure of oxygen compared to sea level. This reduced oxygen level, known as mild hypoxia, can cause the body to compensate by increasing heart rate and cardiac output, placing additional demand on the cardiovascular system.
Prolonged immobility during flights slows blood flow in the legs. This stagnation increases the risk of blood clot formation, specifically deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Blood clots can pose serious health risks if they dislodge and travel to other parts of the body.
The dry cabin air, coupled with reduced fluid intake or consumption of dehydrating beverages like alcohol and caffeine, can lead to dehydration. Even mild dehydration can increase blood viscosity, or thickness, making the heart work harder to pump blood through narrowed arteries. This increased workload further stresses the cardiovascular system.
Understanding the Risks
Flying with blocked arteries carries specific medical risks that vary depending on the severity of the condition and overall health. The lower oxygen levels at cabin altitude can increase the likelihood of experiencing angina, or chest pain, as the heart struggles to receive sufficient oxygen through narrowed vessels. This added strain can potentially increase the risk of a heart attack.
The risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is elevated during flights due to prolonged sitting. If a DVT clot breaks off and travels to the lungs, it can cause a pulmonary embolism (PE), a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. Blood clots can also lead to a stroke if they travel to the brain.
Individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) may experience a worsening of their symptoms due to reduced blood flow exacerbated by immobility and cabin conditions. Factors like recent heart attack, unstable angina, uncontrolled arrhythmias, or severe heart failure contraindicate air travel.
Essential Pre-Flight Preparations
Consulting with a healthcare provider is a primary step before planning air travel with blocked arteries. A medical professional can assess an individual’s current health status, the stability of their condition, and determine their fitness to fly. This assessment may include a review of medical history and current medications, and a stress test to evaluate heart function under exertion.
It is important to obtain medical clearance, especially after recent cardiac events or procedures. Individuals should carry all necessary medications in their carry-on luggage to ensure they are accessible and not subject to loss or delay. Having a copy of prescriptions and a doctor’s letter detailing the condition, medications, and any implanted devices like pacemakers can also be beneficial.
The healthcare provider can offer specific recommendations tailored to the individual’s condition, such as the need for supplemental oxygen during the flight. Careful planning with medical guidance helps mitigate potential risks associated with air travel.
In-Flight Safety Measures
Taking proactive steps during the flight can help manage risks for individuals with blocked arteries. Staying well-hydrated is important; this involves drinking plenty of water throughout the flight and avoiding alcohol and excessive caffeine, which can contribute to dehydration. Electrolyte-enhanced beverages may offer better hydration than plain water.
Regular movement is beneficial to promote blood circulation and reduce the risk of blood clots. When permitted, walking around the cabin every one to two hours can help prevent blood stagnation. If walking is not feasible, performing seated exercises like ankle flexes, ankle rotations, calf raises, and foot pumps can stimulate blood flow in the legs.
Wearing loose, comfortable clothing can also aid circulation. Compression stockings, if advised by a doctor, can help prevent DVT by applying graduated pressure to the legs, encouraging blood return to the heart. However, individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) should discuss compression stockings with their doctor, as they may not be suitable. Adhering strictly to medication schedules during the flight is also important. If any new or concerning symptoms arise during travel, informing the cabin crew immediately is advisable.