Oil of Oregano (OEO) is a highly concentrated essential oil extracted from the leaves and shoots of the oregano plant, scientifically known as Origanum vulgare. This potent oil contains compounds like carvacrol and thymol, which contribute to its strong aromatic and biological properties. While OEO can be applied to the skin, it requires extreme caution and proper preparation. Applying OEO directly without dilution can cause severe irritation or chemical burns due to its intense concentration.
The Necessity of Dilution and Carrier Oils
Oregano essential oil is considered a “hot” oil because of its high concentration of phenolic compounds, specifically carvacrol and thymol. These constituents are potent skin irritants in their pure form, despite being responsible for the oil’s antimicrobial activity. To safely apply OEO topically, it must be mixed with a carrier oil, which dilutes the concentration without diminishing its properties. Common carrier oils include olive oil, coconut oil, and jojoba oil, which also offer skin-nourishing benefits. A safe starting ratio is generally 1-2 drops of oregano oil per teaspoon (about 5 milliliters) of a chosen carrier oil. This creates a 1-2% dilution, which is appropriate for general topical use, although lower dilutions may be necessary for sensitive skin.
Common Topical Applications
Once properly diluted, Oil of Oregano is often used topically for its traditional antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The key components, carvacrol and thymol, are recognized for their potential to inhibit the growth of various bacteria and fungi. A popular application involves using the oil to manage topical fungal concerns, such as athlete’s foot or fingernail issues. Its potent antifungal nature is attributed to the thymol content. People also use diluted OEO to soothe the discomfort and inflammation associated with insect bites or minor scrapes.
Safety Precautions and Patch Testing
Dilution alone does not guarantee safety, and a patch test is a necessary step before applying the mixture to a larger area of skin. The patch test involves applying a small amount of the diluted OEO—one to two drops—to a discreet area like the inner forearm or elbow. This small area should then be observed for 24 to 48 hours for any sign of an adverse reaction. If the test site shows any redness, itching, burning, inflammation, or contact dermatitis, the product should not be used. Beyond testing, areas of the body that should always be avoided include mucous membranes, the eyes, and any broken or significantly irritated skin. OEO is not intended for internal use unless specifically formulated and labeled as a dietary supplement. Pregnant individuals or those taking certain medications should consult a healthcare provider before using OEO.