It is not possible to physically pull a bone spur out of your gums yourself. Attempting to remove any growth or fragment from your gums without professional dental care can lead to significant harm, including damage to surrounding tissues and an increased risk of infection. These growths, commonly referred to as “bone spurs,” are typically either benign bony outgrowths or small bone fragments that have surfaced through the gum tissue. A dental professional should always assess any sharp or unusual sensation in your gums.
Understanding Bone Spurs in Gums
What people often describe as a “bone spur” in their gums can manifest in several forms.
One common type is an oral exostosis, also known as tori, which are benign, slow-growing bony lumps that form along the jawbone. These can be hereditary or develop due to chewing forces, commonly appearing on the palate or on the inner side of the lower jaw near the tongue.
Another frequent cause is a bone fragment, or spicule, which is a small piece of bone dislodged from the jawbone that becomes embedded in the gum tissue. These fragments often occur after dental procedures such as tooth extractions, bone grafting, or implant surgery. Occasionally, trauma to the mouth or severe gum disease can also lead to the formation of these spicules.
Identifying a Bone Spur
A bone spur in the gum typically presents as a hard, non-movable lump that might feel sharp or rough to the touch. Individuals often discover these through a sharp, pointy sensation with their tongue or finger. Common symptoms include irritation to the tongue or cheek, discomfort, or mild pain, especially when eating or brushing. The affected area may also show redness or swelling. While these signs can indicate the presence of a bone spur, self-diagnosis is not a substitute for a professional dental examination.
When to Seek Professional Care
Consulting a dentist is important for any persistent or concerning lumps in the mouth. Your dentist will conduct a visual examination and palpation to assess the nature of the growth. Diagnostic imaging, such as X-rays, is often necessary to confirm the presence and location of the bone fragment or growth, and to rule out other conditions. X-rays help determine the size and exact position of the spur in relation to surrounding teeth and nerves. Dentists also perform a differential diagnosis to distinguish bone spurs from other, potentially more serious, oral conditions.
Treatment and Management
Once a bone spur is diagnosed, the approach to treatment varies based on its type and whether it causes symptoms. Many small exostoses or bone spicules are benign and may not require immediate treatment if they are not causing discomfort or interfering with oral function. In some cases, small bone fragments may even be naturally expelled from the gum tissue over time.
Surgical removal may be recommended if the bone spur causes chronic irritation, interferes with speech, affects the fit of dentures, or is a persistent bone fragment causing pain. The procedure typically involves a local anesthetic. A small incision might be made to access the bone, which is then smoothed or removed with specialized instruments. After removal, the area is usually sutured. Post-operative care includes managing swelling and discomfort during healing.