When a person describes “popping a blood vessel in their eye,” they refer to a subconjunctival hemorrhage. It involves bleeding from a small blood vessel on the eye’s surface, beneath the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye. While startling in appearance, it is usually benign and resolves without intervention.
What a “Popped” Blood Vessel in the Eye Looks Like
A subconjunctival hemorrhage presents as a bright red patch on the white part of the eye, known as the sclera. The blood is trapped beneath the conjunctiva, giving it a flat, unwipeable appearance. Despite the alarming redness, this condition typically causes no pain, vision changes, or discharge from the eye. Some individuals might experience a mild scratchy sensation on the eye’s surface, but this is usually the extent of any discomfort.
The redness remains confined to the white of the eye, not extending to the iris or pupil. As the blood clears, the red spot may change color, similar to a bruise, turning yellowish or brownish before disappearing.
Common Triggers and Contributing Factors
Subconjunctival hemorrhages often occur due to common actions that increase pressure in the head and eye. These include vigorous coughing, sneezing, straining during bowel movements, or heavy lifting. Vomiting and forceful nose blowing can also rupture these tiny blood vessels. Minor eye trauma, such as rubbing the eye too hard, can also be a cause.
While many instances have no identifiable cause, certain factors can increase the likelihood of a subconjunctival hemorrhage. These include medications like blood thinners, which impair clotting. High blood pressure and diabetes are also risk factors, particularly in older adults.
When to Seek Medical Attention and Next Steps
When to Seek Medical Attention
Although a subconjunctival hemorrhage often looks more severe than it is, certain symptoms warrant a medical evaluation. Seek medical attention if the red spot is accompanied by significant eye pain, vision changes (such as blurriness or loss), or any eye discharge. Consult a doctor if you have experienced a recent eye injury, especially if a foreign object might have entered the eye. Recurrent hemorrhages, or bleeding in both eyes, also indicate a need for professional assessment to rule out underlying conditions.
Resolution and Self-Care
Most subconjunctival hemorrhages resolve on their own without specific treatment, much like a bruise fading away. The blood is gradually reabsorbed, typically taking one to two weeks, though larger spots may take slightly longer. As the blood clears, the spot may change color from bright red to a yellowish or brownish tint.
If mild irritation occurs, artificial tears can be used for comfort. Avoid rubbing the affected eye during this time. If the hemorrhage does not improve significantly or completely disappear within two to three weeks, or if new symptoms develop, medical advice should be sought.