Uterine fibroids are common, non-cancerous growths that develop in the uterus. Many people with fibroids may not experience symptoms, but for some, they can cause significant issues. It is possible for uterine fibroids to be expelled from the body, a known occurrence.
Understanding Uterine Fibroids
Uterine fibroids are growths composed of muscle and connective tissue that form in or on the wall of the uterus. They are the most common non-cancerous tumor found in females. Fibroids vary in size, from as small as a grain of rice to larger masses that can alter the uterus’s shape and size. Approximately 70-80% of women may develop fibroids by age 50, though many do not experience symptoms. When present, symptoms can include heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure on the bladder or bowel.
The Phenomenon of Expelling Fibroids
The body can expel uterine fibroids, a process known as fibroid expulsion. This occurs when a fibroid loses its blood supply, leading to degeneration. As the fibroid degenerates, it may detach from the uterine wall and be pushed out through the cervix and into the vaginal canal.
This is more common with submucosal fibroids, which grow just beneath the inner lining of the uterus, or pedunculated fibroids, which are attached by a stalk. The uterus contracts to expel the fibroid, similar to labor contractions. While spontaneous expulsion is a rare event, it can also occur after medical procedures like uterine fibroid embolization (UFE), which intentionally cuts off a fibroid’s blood supply.
What to Expect When Fibroids Are Expelled
Expelling a fibroid can cause symptoms similar to severe menstrual cramping or labor. Individuals might feel sudden pelvic pressure or a heavy sensation in the pelvic area as the uterus contracts to push the fibroid out. Heavy bleeding, sometimes with clots or tissue, is common during this process.
The expelled tissue can appear flesh-like, ranging in color from pale yellow or tan to dark, clotted discharge mixed with blood. It may be a single mass or come out in fragments. Collecting the expelled tissue for medical examination can be helpful for diagnosis and to rule out other conditions.
When to Seek Medical Care
Seek prompt medical attention if you suspect you are expelling a fibroid, especially with excessive bleeding. Seek care if you are soaking through a pad or tampon in less than an hour for several hours, or if you pass blood clots larger than a quarter. Other symptoms requiring immediate evaluation include severe, unrelenting abdominal pain, signs of infection like fever, chills, or foul-smelling vaginal discharge. While fibroid expulsion can be a natural process, a healthcare provider should assess the situation to confirm the diagnosis, manage pain, and ensure there are no complications such as retained tissue or significant blood loss. Follow-up care is important to discuss fibroid management and address any underlying issues.