A yeast infection, also known as candidiasis, is a common fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida species, most frequently Candida albicans. This yeast naturally resides on the skin, in the mouth, and in the vagina in small amounts without causing problems. However, an imbalance can lead to an overgrowth, resulting in an infection. Many individuals experience a yeast infection at some point, leading to questions about whether it can be shared with a partner.
Understanding Transmission
While not a typical sexually transmitted infection (STI) like chlamydia or gonorrhea, yeast infections can be transmitted through close physical contact, including sexual activity. However, transmission is not guaranteed, as many infections result from an overgrowth of yeast already present in the body.
Factors influencing transmission include an active infection in one partner and the type of sexual activity, such as oral-genital contact. Individual susceptibility also plays a role, with some people more prone to infection due to antibiotic use, hormonal changes, or a weakened immune system.
Partner Symptoms
If a yeast infection is transmitted, partners may experience a range of symptoms. Male partners might develop redness, itching, or a rash on the penis, sometimes accompanied by burning. This can include a white, shiny appearance on the glans (head of the penis) or small red spots.
Female partners, if they contract a new infection, might experience symptoms similar to the original infection, such as intense itching, burning, soreness, and a thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge. Pain during urination or sexual intercourse can also occur.
Prevention and When to Seek Help
Preventing the transmission of yeast infections involves several practical steps, especially when an active infection is present. Avoiding sexual activity during an active infection can help reduce the risk of passing the yeast to a partner. Practicing good hygiene, such as keeping the genital area clean and dry, can also be beneficial.
While not a primary method of STI prevention, condoms can offer some barrier protection during sexual activity, potentially reducing yeast transmission. If one partner is diagnosed with a yeast infection, it is advisable for both partners to seek medical advice, even without symptoms. Healthcare professionals can provide an accurate diagnosis and recommend appropriate antifungal treatments for both, reducing the likelihood of reinfection.