Pregnancy involves many changes as the body prepares for childbirth. One such change is the mucus plug, a protective barrier that forms in the cervix. Understanding this natural occurrence can provide reassurance in late pregnancy.
Understanding the Mucus Plug
The mucus plug is a collection of cervical mucus that forms early in pregnancy, sealing the cervix. Its primary function is to prevent infection from reaching the developing fetus. This thick, jelly-like substance forms due to increased pregnancy hormones, particularly progesterone.
Its appearance varies; it can be stringy, sticky, and gelatinous. It may be clear, off-white, yellowish, or tinged with pink, red, or brown blood. The presence of blood, often called “bloody show,” results from small cervical blood vessels rupturing as it begins to soften and open. Typically, it is one to two inches long or one to two tablespoons in volume.
Gradual Loss
The mucus plug can be lost slowly, not always all at once. It commonly dislodges in pieces over several days or weeks. A gradual loss might appear as increased, thicker vaginal discharge or small, periodic amounts of mucus. This discharge can be clear, pink, brown, or streaked with blood, reflecting “bloody show” as cervical changes occur.
Gradual loss occurs as the cervix softens, thins (effaces), and slowly dilates in preparation for labor. As these changes happen, the plug is gradually dislodged. Cervical exams or sexual intercourse can also cause expulsion by softening or irritating the cervix. Some may not notice losing it, especially if it comes out slowly.
Significance for Labor
Losing the mucus plug, whether gradually or all at once, is a sign that the cervix is undergoing changes in preparation for childbirth. However, it does not necessarily mean that labor is imminent. The plug can be lost hours, days, or weeks before labor begins. This variability means it is not a reliable indicator of the exact timing of labor onset.
Some individuals may not notice the loss of their mucus plug, as it can come out during a shower or while using the restroom. Others may only lose it once labor has started. While the loss of the mucus plug signals that the body is preparing for labor, it is important to look for other signs of labor progression, such as regular and strengthening contractions.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
While losing the mucus plug is a normal part of late pregnancy, contact a healthcare provider in specific situations. If the mucus plug is lost before 37 weeks of pregnancy, inform your doctor, as this could be a sign of preterm labor. Your provider may assess for other signs of preterm labor, such as uterine contractions or changes in vaginal discharge.
It is also important to seek medical attention if there is heavy bleeding (more than just a small amount of blood-tinged mucus), or if the bleeding is bright red and exceeds an ounce (about two tablespoons). Excessive bleeding can indicate serious complications, such as placental abruption or placenta previa. Additionally, contact a healthcare provider if you experience strong contractions, a gush of fluid (which could indicate your water breaking), or if the discharge has a foul smell or an unusual color like green. For most, a gradual loss of the mucus plug is normal, but consult a healthcare provider with any concerns.