Dentures are removable prosthetic devices designed to replace missing teeth and restore the ability to speak and eat. Although modern materials make them comfortable for all-day use, they should not be worn continuously. Continuous use negatively affects oral health and the long-term fit of the prosthetic. Adhering to a daily removal schedule is fundamental to safeguarding the health of the underlying tissues.
The Necessary Rest Period for Oral Tissues
Dentures must be removed for a minimum of six to eight hours daily, with nighttime sleep being the most recommended period. This daily break relieves the constant pressure and friction exerted on the oral mucosa (gum tissues) supporting the device. Allowing the tissues to rest promotes healthy blood circulation, which the denture base often restricts when worn continuously.
Uninterrupted pressure from the denture accelerates alveolar bone resorption, which is the natural breakdown and reabsorption of the jawbone following tooth loss. Constant mechanical stress increases the rate of this loss. Nightly rest allows the underlying gum and bone structures to recover, slowing the progressive deterioration of the jaw ridge. This preventative measure helps maintain the jaw’s shape, preserving the denture’s fit for a longer duration.
Health Consequences of Continuous Denture Use
Failing to remove dentures nightly creates an ideal breeding ground for microbial growth and pathological conditions. The most common is Denture Stomatitis, a chronic inflammation of the oral mucosa caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans (a type of yeast). The warm, moist space trapped between the denture and the palate allows this fungus to thrive. This results in generalized redness, inflammation, and sometimes small red bumps on the roof of the mouth.
Continuous mechanical stress and chronic inflammation accelerate residual ridge resorption (loss of the jawbone structure). As the supporting bone diminishes, the denture loses its stable foundation, becoming ill-fitting and loose. This poor fit further irritates the gums, creating chronic sore spots and ulcers that increase the risk of more severe infections. Additionally, the constant accumulation of bacteria and food debris beneath the prosthetic contributes to persistent halitosis (bad breath).
Wearing dentures around the clock prevents regular and thorough cleaning, allowing plaque and calculus to build up. This poor hygiene worsens the risk of oral infections and can have systemic implications. Accumulated bacteria on the denture surface may be inhaled, increasing the risk of respiratory infections, such as aspiration pneumonia. The cumulative effect of constant pressure, microbial growth, and accelerated bone loss necessitates the daily removal of the prosthetic for long-term health.
Proper Cleaning and Storage When Dentures Are Out
Since dentures must be removed for a substantial period, a strict hygiene protocol is required. The prosthetic should be cleaned daily using a soft-bristled brush designed for dentures and a non-abrasive denture cleanser or mild liquid soap. Regular toothpaste must be avoided because its abrasive particles can scratch the denture material. These scratches create microscopic grooves where bacteria and fungus can hide and multiply.
After cleaning, dentures must be stored correctly to prevent damage and maintain their shape. They should be submerged in clean water or a dentist-recommended cleansing solution. Keeping the prosthetic moist is essential because if the acrylic material dries out, it can warp. Warping leads to an immediate and irreversible loss of fit.
While the dentures are soaking, the mouth requires attention to promote gum health. The palate, gums, and tongue should be gently brushed with a soft toothbrush to remove residual plaque and stimulate blood circulation in the tissues. This brief massage supports the overall goal of the daily rest period. It helps keep the oral environment healthy for when the dentures are reinserted.