It is possible to contract both influenza (flu) and COVID-19 simultaneously. This co-infection, informally termed “Flurona,” has been observed since the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. While not extremely common, co-infection raises important public health considerations, especially during seasons when both viruses circulate widely.
The Reality of Co-infection
Co-infection occurs because both the flu and COVID-19 are viral respiratory illnesses that spread similarly and can circulate simultaneously. The flu is caused by influenza A and B viruses, while COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. These distinct viruses primarily target the respiratory tract. When someone’s immune system is actively fighting one infection, they might become more susceptible to other viruses. Co-infections of flu and COVID-19 have been documented, especially during peak respiratory virus seasons.
Recognizing Symptoms
Both the flu and COVID-19 share many overlapping symptoms, making differentiation based on symptoms alone challenging. Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle aches, and headache. This similarity means self-diagnosis is often unreliable, and testing is important for accurate identification.
While many symptoms are similar, some differences exist. Loss of taste or smell is more frequently associated with COVID-19, though less common with newer variants. Flu symptoms often appear more suddenly and can be more severe initially compared to COVID-19, which may have a more gradual progression. Shortness of breath can also be a more prolonged and severe symptom in COVID-19.
Understanding the Risks
Co-infection with both the flu and COVID-19 can lead to more severe health outcomes compared to infection with a single virus. Patients hospitalized with both viruses face a higher risk of severe disease and death. Studies indicate that individuals with co-infection may be over four times more likely to require ventilation support and 2.4 times more likely to die than those with only COVID-19.
Those at higher risk for severe illness include older adults, particularly those aged 65 and over, individuals with certain underlying medical conditions, and pregnant people. Co-infection can lead to increased complications such as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), organ failure, and blood clots.
Prevention and Management
Preventing co-infection involves proactive strategies, with vaccination being a primary defense. Both flu and COVID-19 vaccines are available and recommended to protect against severe illness. These vaccines can be administered at the same visit, offering convenience and protection against both viruses.
Beyond vaccination, practicing good hygiene is important. Regularly washing hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub helps eliminate viruses. Covering coughs and sneezes with a bent elbow or tissue and avoiding touching the face also reduces transmission. If feeling unwell, staying home and avoiding contact with others prevents further spread. If co-infection is suspected or confirmed, consulting a healthcare provider for testing is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate medical advice. Antiviral medications are available for both flu and COVID-19 that can help reduce symptom severity and shorten illness duration, especially if started early.