Seltzer, which is simply water infused with carbon dioxide gas under pressure, has become a popular substitute for sugary sodas. This carbonated water offers a calorie-free way to enjoy a refreshing, bubbly beverage. For many expecting parents, the question arises whether this fizzy drink is safe to include in their daily routine. This article addresses the safety of consuming seltzer throughout pregnancy by examining its different forms and potential effects on the body.
The Safety of Plain Carbonated Water
Plain, unflavored seltzer is generally considered safe for consumption during pregnancy and can be a beneficial part of a hydration strategy. The core components of seltzer are water and carbon dioxide, neither of which poses a risk to the developing fetus. Since it contains no added sugars, calories, or caffeine, it is a healthier option compared to traditional soft drinks.
Some pregnant individuals find that the bubbles in plain carbonated water can help to temporarily soothe mild nausea, particularly during the first trimester. It provides essential hydration and is a simple, refreshing alternative for those who find the taste of still water unappealing.
Navigating Flavored and Sweetened Varieties
The safety profile changes when moving from plain seltzer to commercially flavored or sweetened options, requiring a closer look at the ingredient labels. Many flavored seltzers contain “natural flavors,” which can sometimes include citric acid or other compounds that increase the drink’s overall acidity. Frequent consumption of these flavor-enhanced beverages introduces greater exposure to these acidic components.
Products sweetened with non-nutritive sweeteners, such as sucralose (Splenda), aspartame (Equal/NutraSweet), or acesulfame-K, are generally recognized as safe for use in moderation during pregnancy by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, it is prudent to avoid saccharin, as this sweetener is known to cross the placenta. Individuals diagnosed with the rare genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU) must avoid aspartame altogether, as they cannot properly process one of its components.
Physical Comfort and Digestive Concerns
While plain seltzer is chemically safe, the physical effects of carbonation can cause discomfort due to common changes in the pregnant body. The carbon dioxide gas introduces excess air into the digestive tract. This can exacerbate symptoms like bloating and gas, which are already common due to hormonal changes that slow down the motility of the digestive system.
Carbonated beverages may worsen heartburn or acid reflux, a frequent complaint during pregnancy. The growing uterus puts increased upward pressure on the stomach, and the bubbles from seltzer can create additional pressure, encouraging stomach acid to backflow into the esophagus. Expecting parents who experience persistent reflux may find relief by limiting their intake of all carbonated drinks. Consuming seltzer slowly or choosing a less-bubbly variety can also help minimize these physical symptoms.
Hydration and Dental Health Considerations
Maintaining adequate hydration is paramount during pregnancy, and seltzer serves as an excellent way to meet daily fluid needs. However, the carbonation process creates carbonic acid, which makes even plain seltzer slightly acidic, unlike neutral tap water. Frequent, prolonged exposure to this mild acidity can contribute to the erosion of tooth enamel over time.
This dental concern is amplified if a pregnant person is experiencing morning sickness or reflux, as repeated exposure to stomach acid already softens tooth enamel. To mitigate the risk of erosion, it is advisable to drink seltzer with meals rather than sipping it consistently throughout the day. Using a straw can help bypass direct contact with the teeth, and alternating seltzer consumption with plain water helps to neutralize the mouth’s pH balance.