Braxton Hicks contractions, often referred to as “practice contractions,” are a normal and common experience during pregnancy. They represent the uterus preparing for labor and can occur as early as the second trimester, making it possible to experience them around 28 weeks. These contractions involve the uterine muscles contracting and relaxing.
What Are Braxton Hicks Contractions?
Braxton Hicks contractions are sporadic tightening and relaxation of the uterine muscle. They serve a purpose in preparing the cervix for birth, sometimes referred to as “practice for labor.” These contractions are irregular in duration, intensity, and rhythm. While they can feel uncomfortable, they are usually not painful, feeling more like a mild tightening or pressure across the abdomen. Unlike true labor, Braxton Hicks contractions do not increase in frequency, duration, or intensity over time and often resolve with a change in activity or position.
When Braxton Hicks Typically Occur
Braxton Hicks contractions can start as early as six weeks into a pregnancy, but they are most commonly felt during the second or third trimester. Experiencing them around 28 weeks, which is in the third trimester, is a common occurrence. As pregnancy progresses, especially in the later stages, these contractions may become more frequent and intense. Factors that can trigger or intensify them include dehydration, a full bladder, physical activity, or sexual intercourse.
Differentiating From True Labor
Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular and do not follow a consistent pattern. Their timing between contractions is not regular. True labor contractions, in contrast, occur at regular intervals and progressively become closer together. The intensity of Braxton Hicks contractions does not increase and may even lessen or disappear, while true labor contractions gradually become stronger and more intense over time.
The duration of Braxton Hicks contractions can vary, lasting from 15 seconds to two minutes. True labor contractions often lengthen as labor progresses, lasting between 30 and 90 seconds. Braxton Hicks are felt in the front of the abdomen and do not involve the back. True labor contractions often start in the lower back and wrap around to the front of the abdomen or pelvis.
A key difference lies in the effect of activity; Braxton Hicks contractions may stop or subside if you change position, walk, or rest. True labor contractions will continue and often become stronger regardless of movement or position changes. Braxton Hicks contractions do not cause changes to the cervix, such as dilation or effacement, which are hallmarks of true labor.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While Braxton Hicks are normal, certain signs warrant immediate medical attention to rule out preterm labor or other complications. Contact a healthcare provider if:
Contractions become regular, strong, and increase in frequency or intensity, especially before 37 weeks.
You experience any vaginal bleeding or spotting, or a gush or trickle of fluid from the vagina.
You have severe back pain or pelvic pressure that does not subside.
There is a sudden decrease in fetal movement or fewer than ten movements within a two-hour period.
You experience more than four to six contractions in an hour, particularly if accompanied by menstrual-like cramps, increased vaginal discharge, or flu-like symptoms before 37 weeks.
Managing Braxton Hicks
To manage Braxton Hicks contractions:
Change your position or activity level. If active, try lying down; if resting, take a short walk.
Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water, as dehydration can trigger contractions.
Empty your bladder.
Practice relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing exercises.
Take a warm bath, ensuring the water is not too hot.
Rest when you feel tired or overexerted.