An ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal body structures. These sound waves are inaudible to the human ear and travel through tissues, bouncing back to create a visual representation. A common question is whether this procedure can be performed during menstruation.
Yes, You Can Have an Ultrasound
It is generally possible to undergo an ultrasound examination while menstruating. The presence of a period typically does not prevent the effective use of ultrasound technology. This imaging method relies on sound waves that visualize internal organs and structures, and the shedding of the uterine lining usually does not impede the transmission or reception of these sound waves for most diagnostic purposes.
The sound waves used in an ultrasound pass through various tissues to generate images, meaning that menstrual blood usually does not obstruct the view of the uterus, ovaries, or other pelvic structures. Medical professionals are accustomed to performing ultrasounds during a patient’s period and are trained to obtain clear images despite the presence of menstrual flow. For many general diagnostic needs, menstruation does not pose a barrier to receiving an ultrasound.
How Your Period Affects Different Ultrasound Types
Pelvic ultrasounds involve two main approaches: transabdominal and transvaginal, each interacting differently with the menstrual cycle. A transabdominal ultrasound involves moving a transducer over the lower abdomen, with images generated through the abdominal wall. For this type of scan, menstruation generally has no impact on the procedure or the image quality because the sound waves travel through the skin and internal tissues, largely unaffected by the uterine lining. A full bladder is often required for transabdominal scans to provide a better view of pelvic organs, and this preparation remains the same regardless of a period.
A transvaginal ultrasound involves inserting a slender, lubricated transducer into the vagina to obtain more detailed images of the pelvic organs. While the presence of menstrual blood might seem like a concern, it typically does not significantly obscure the view for most diagnostic purposes. Sonographers are trained to perform these scans during menstruation, and they often use a protective cover over the transducer for hygiene. Patients may need to remove a tampon before the procedure, but otherwise, preparation is similar to when not on a period.
When Your Period Might Influence Results or Scheduling
While generally feasible, there are specific medical scenarios where the presence of a period might influence the interpretation of ultrasound results or lead a doctor to suggest rescheduling. When the diagnostic goal requires a clear and precise view of the uterine lining, such as measuring its thickness for fertility treatments or assessing for conditions like polyps or fibroids, menstruation can be a factor. The shedding uterine lining during a period can temporarily alter or obscure these specific findings, making accurate measurements more challenging. For example, endometrial thickness is typically thinnest immediately after a period (days 5-9 of the cycle) and progressively thickens throughout the cycle, which is important for certain assessments.
Some medical providers may prefer a period-free scan for specific assessments to ensure the clearest possible view and the most accurate interpretation for their diagnostic questions. Patients also have the option to reschedule if they feel more comfortable doing so, even if it is not medically necessary for the specific type of scan.
Preparing for Your Ultrasound During Your Period
Preparing for an ultrasound while on your period involves several practical steps to ensure comfort and a smooth experience. Maintaining personal hygiene before the appointment is advisable. You should communicate openly with the sonographer or medical staff about any concerns or discomfort you may have regarding your period.
Wearing comfortable, loose-fitting clothing can enhance your comfort during the procedure. It is also advisable to bring extra sanitary products, such as pads, for use after the ultrasound. Follow any specific bladder preparation instructions provided by the clinic, as these instructions apply regardless of menstruation. Knowing what to expect during the procedure, such as the application of gel for transabdominal scans or the insertion of a covered transducer for transvaginal scans, can help alleviate anxiety.