Yes, a person can “green out” from a cannabis vaping cartridge, or “cart.” Greening out is a common slang term describing acute cannabis intoxication, which is an overwhelming reaction to consuming too much delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). This adverse reaction is not a lethal overdose but an intensely uncomfortable experience caused by excessive cannabinoid exposure. The unique delivery method and high potency of vaporized concentrates make this reaction increasingly common, especially among new or infrequent users.
Understanding Cannabis Vaping Cartridges and Potency
A cannabis vaping cartridge is a small, pre-filled container holding concentrated cannabis oil, designed to connect to a battery-powered pen. Unlike traditional smoking, this method heats the oil just enough to turn the cannabinoids into an inhalable vapor without combustion. The highly purified concentrate within these cartridges is the primary risk factor for overconsumption.
The THC concentration in these concentrates is significantly higher than in dried cannabis flower, which typically contains between 15% to 30% THC. In contrast, the oil found in most commercial carts often ranges from 60% to over 90% THC. This difference means a single inhalation from a cart can deliver a dose of THC equivalent to several puffs of traditional flower, making it much easier to unintentionally consume a very large amount of active cannabinoid.
The Phenomenon of Acute Cannabis Intoxication
“Greening out” is the colloquial term for acute cannabis intoxication, a state of severe physical and psychological distress. This overwhelming reaction occurs when the body’s endocannabinoid system is saturated by an excessive amount of THC. While not typically life-threatening, the experience can be deeply disturbing.
Common physical manifestations include severe nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and a noticeable paleness or pallor, which is the likely origin of the term “greening out.” Psychological symptoms are often the most distressing, characterized by intense anxiety, paranoia, panic attacks, and feelings of disorientation. A rapid heart rate (tachycardia) is also frequently observed as a physiological response to the high concentration of THC.
Why Vaping Increases the Likelihood of Overconsumption
Vaping concentrates increases the risk of overconsumption due to high potency and unique pharmacokinetics, which describe how the drug moves through the body. When cannabis vapor is inhaled, THC is delivered almost instantly to the bloodstream via the lungs, leading to a much faster onset of effects than with edibles. This rapid absorption causes blood THC concentrations to peak quickly, often resulting in a stronger subjective effect compared to smoking an equal dose.
This speed creates a significant problem known as titration difficulty, or “stacking.” A user may take a puff and, not feeling the full effect immediately, take another puff or two, believing the initial dose was insufficient. The full, combined effect of these stacked doses then hits minutes later, resulting in an overwhelming and unpleasant experience.
Immediate Steps for Managing Overconsumption
When acute cannabis intoxication occurs, the primary goal is supportive care and reassurance. The adverse effects are temporary and will resolve as the body processes the THC. The person experiencing the effects should immediately stop consumption and try to remain calm, recognizing that the symptoms are a temporary drug reaction.
Environment and Hydration
Moving to a safe, quiet, and comfortable environment, such as a couch or bed, can help manage feelings of anxiety and paranoia. Hydration is important, so sipping water or a non-caffeinated, non-alcoholic beverage is recommended.
Seeking Medical Attention
Engaging in simple distraction techniques, like listening to calming music or focusing on slow, deep breathing, can help to regulate racing thoughts and rapid heart rate. While most cases resolve without medical intervention, emergency services should be contacted immediately if the person experiences severe, sustained vomiting, chest pain, or exhibits symptoms of extreme psychosis or loss of consciousness.