LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) is a widely performed refractive surgery that reshapes the cornea to correct vision problems like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. A frequent question is whether both eyes can be treated during the same session. The answer is yes; treating both eyes simultaneously, known as bilateral simultaneous LASIK, is the standard practice for the vast majority of patients.
The Standard Approach: Why Simultaneous Treatment Is Common
Surgeons and patients prefer the simultaneous treatment of both eyes due to practical and logistical benefits. This approach ensures the entire procedure is completed in a single surgical day, which is convenient for the patient. Dealing with only one recovery period minimizes the overall interruption to daily life and work schedules.
Treating both eyes promotes a synchronized healing process and a rapid achievement of balanced binocular vision. When only one eye is treated, patients can experience a temporary vision imbalance, which can cause discomfort or difficulty with depth perception until the second eye is corrected. Modern advancements in laser technology have made the procedure quick, precise, and predictable, increasing the safety margin for simultaneous treatment.
Managing Risks of Bilateral Procedures
While simultaneous treatment is routine, there is a risk that a rare complication could affect both eyes. The primary safety concern is the possibility of a complication, such as a severe infection or inflammatory response, occurring bilaterally. Severe infections (which are extremely rare) or conditions like Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis (DLK), an inflammation under the corneal flap, could potentially impact vision in both eyes.
To combat this risk, surgeons adhere to stringent safety protocols. These measures include meticulous sterilization techniques and often using separate, sterile instruments for the second eye to prevent the transfer of contaminants. Patient selection is rigorous, requiring a thorough pre-operative evaluation to ensure only ideal candidates with healthy corneas and stable prescriptions proceed. These precautions minimize the chance of bilateral complications.
When Sequential Treatment Is Recommended
Despite the convenience of simultaneous treatment, a sequential approach is sometimes necessary, where the second eye is treated weeks or months after the first. This is recommended when a patient presents with specific risk factors or underlying ocular conditions. For instance, patients with extremely high or unstable prescriptions, or those who have had previous complications with eye surgery, may be better suited for this staggered procedure.
The waiting period allows the surgeon to assess the healing response and the final visual outcome of the first eye before proceeding. This time can be used to refine the treatment plan for the second eye, especially for patients with very high refractive errors. If an unexpected outcome or complication occurs in the first eye, the sequential approach preserves the option to alter the surgical technique or decide against treating the second eye entirely.