Diverticulitis occurs when small, bulging pouches, known as diverticula, form in the lining of the large intestine and become inflamed or infected. These pouches typically develop in weak spots along the colon wall. After an initial episode, many wonder if it can happen again.
Understanding Recurrence
Diverticulitis can recur. After a first episode, recurrence rates range from approximately 10% to 35%. This is because diverticula, the small pouches in the colon, are permanent once formed.
While treatment resolves the inflammation, the pouches remain. Future irritation or infection of these existing diverticula can lead to subsequent episodes. The condition is not a one-time event, but rather a predisposition due to the continued presence of these structures.
Factors Increasing Recurrence Risk
Several factors can increase an individual’s likelihood of experiencing another episode of diverticulitis. Obesity is associated with a higher risk of recurrence, as is smoking. A lack of regular physical activity also contributes to an elevated risk.
Certain medications can influence recurrence risk. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and opioid pain relievers have been linked to an increased risk. A history of severe or complicated diverticulitis, such as an episode involving an abscess, also heightens the chance of future occurrences.
Preventing Future Episodes
Adopting specific lifestyle and dietary habits can help reduce the risk of future diverticulitis episodes. A high-fiber diet is recommended, as fiber helps soften stool and facilitates its passage through the colon, reducing pressure. Sources include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.
Adequate hydration is crucial, as water helps fiber move smoothly and keeps stools soft. Regular physical activity promotes healthy bowel movements and contributes to overall gut health. Maintaining a healthy body weight is another preventative measure, as excess abdominal fat can increase pressure on the colon. Consuming nuts, seeds, and popcorn does not increase diverticulitis risk and can be part of a healthy diet.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Recognizing signs that warrant medical evaluation after a diverticulitis episode is important. Persistent or worsening abdominal pain, particularly in the lower left side, is a common symptom. A fever can indicate an ongoing infection.
Nausea and vomiting also require prompt attention. Changes in bowel habits, such as significant constipation or diarrhea, or blood or mucus in the stool, indicate medical care may be necessary. Timely medical evaluation can help prevent complications, such as abscess formation or bowel obstruction.