Staphylococcus aureus, or staph, is a common bacterium found on human skin and in nasal passages. Approximately 30% of individuals carry staph in their nose without symptoms. This bacterium often coexists with us without causing illness. However, under certain conditions, staph can act as an opportunistic pathogen, leading to various infections.
Staph Infections in the Throat
Staph bacteria can colonize the lining of the mouth and throat. While sore throats are most frequently caused by viruses or other bacteria like Group A Streptococcus (strep), staph can, in less common instances, lead to a throat infection. This can occur if the bacteria multiply, particularly when the immune system is weakened or if there’s an injury to the throat tissue.
When a staph throat infection develops, symptoms can resemble those of other bacterial throat infections. Individuals may experience fever, pain when swallowing, and a headache. The throat might appear red, and the tonsils could be enlarged, sometimes with white spots. Swollen and tender lymph nodes in the neck, along with nausea, are also possible indicators.
If a staph throat infection is not addressed, complications can arise. The bacteria could spread deeper into the body, leading to more serious conditions. These include bloodstream infections (bacteremia), pneumonia, or an infection of the heart valves (endocarditis). Such systemic spread can be serious, requiring timely medical evaluation.
Addressing Staph Throat Infections
If you suspect a staph throat infection due to persistent or severe symptoms like intense pain, high fever, or difficulty swallowing, seek medical attention. A healthcare provider can assess the situation and determine the appropriate course of action. Self-diagnosing and attempting to treat the infection without professional guidance is not recommended.
Diagnosis of a staph throat infection involves a physical examination and collecting a sample for laboratory testing. A throat swab is taken to gather material, which is then sent for a lab culture to identify the specific bacteria present. This culturing process helps determine if Staphylococcus aureus is the cause and guides the selection of the most effective antibiotic.
Treatment for staph throat infections involves antibiotics. The specific antibiotic prescribed will depend on the identified strain of bacteria and its susceptibility to different medications. It is important to complete the entire course of antibiotics as directed by the healthcare provider, even if symptoms improve, to ensure all bacteria are eliminated and to help prevent antibiotic resistance.
To prevent the spread of staph, including to the throat, maintain good hygiene practices. Regular handwashing with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing, reduces transmission. Avoiding the sharing of personal items like towels, utensils, or drinking glasses is also recommended, as staph can spread through contact with contaminated surfaces.