It is possible to get a cold during the summer months, despite the common misconception that colds are only associated with colder weather. Viruses that cause common colds circulate year-round, meaning individuals can experience familiar symptoms even in warmer temperatures.
Viruses Behind Summer Colds
Summer colds are frequently caused by specific types of viruses that thrive in warmer conditions, primarily enteroviruses. While rhinoviruses are common culprits for colds during cooler months, enteroviruses, including coxsackieviruses and echoviruses, become more prevalent from June to October. These viruses can affect the respiratory tract, causing typical cold symptoms, but some strains may also impact the digestive system.
Transmission of these viruses can occur through various summer activities and environments. Close contact in crowded settings, such as amusement parks, concerts, or public transportation, facilitates their spread. Shared spaces like swimming pools can contribute to transmission. The rapid shifts between hot outdoor temperatures and cool, air-conditioned indoor environments might also weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to these viruses.
Distinguishing Summer Colds from Allergies
Many people confuse summer colds with seasonal allergies due to overlapping symptoms like a runny nose, congestion, and sneezing. However, key distinctions can help differentiate between the two. A fever is common with a cold but rarely occurs with allergies. Body aches and fatigue are typical indicators of a cold, whereas these symptoms are not usually associated with allergies.
The nature of nasal discharge can also provide clues; cold mucus often starts clear and may become thicker and discolored (yellow or green), while allergy-related discharge tends to remain clear and thin. Itchy eyes, nose, or throat are hallmark symptoms of allergies, which are less common with a cold. The duration also differs: colds typically resolve within 7 to 10 days, while allergy symptoms persist as long as exposure to allergens continues, potentially for weeks or months.
Managing Summer Cold Symptoms
Managing summer cold symptoms involves supportive care, as antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections. Rest is important to allow the body to recover, and maintaining proper hydration with water or electrolyte-rich drinks can help thin mucus and soothe a sore throat. Over-the-counter medications can provide relief for specific symptoms.
Pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce fever, aches, and headaches. Decongestants and saline nasal sprays may ease nasal congestion, while cough suppressants can help with persistent coughing. Although these remedies do not cure the cold, they can make the symptomatic period more manageable. If symptoms worsen or persist beyond two weeks, consulting a healthcare provider is advisable.