Hernia repair often uses surgical mesh to strengthen weakened tissue. Many patients wonder if they will feel the mesh after surgery. Understanding the mesh’s role and recovery can address this concern.
Understanding Hernia Mesh
Surgical mesh provides additional support to weakened tissue, primarily reinforcing the abdominal wall in hernia repair to prevent recurrence. It acts as a scaffold, encouraging the body’s own tissue to grow into and around it, creating a stronger repair.
There are several types of mesh used, broadly categorized into synthetic and biological materials. Synthetic meshes, often made from plastics like polypropylene or polyester, are typically permanent implants intended to remain in the body indefinitely. Biological meshes are derived from animal or human tissue and are designed to gradually absorb into the body over time, leaving behind new tissue growth.
Normal Sensations After Surgery
It is common to experience certain sensations related to the mesh after hernia surgery, especially during initial recovery. Patients might notice a subtle presence, stiffness, or mild tugging in the repair area. Some describe it as a firm area or an awareness of something present.
These sensations arise from the natural healing process, including scar tissue formation around the mesh. The mesh integrates with surrounding tissue as new cells grow into its structure, a process taking weeks to months for initial incorporation, and up to a year for complete strengthening. While noticeable, these feelings are usually not painful, but rather a general awareness or mild discomfort. Individual experiences vary significantly.
When Sensations Indicate a Problem
While some sensations are normal, certain symptoms may indicate a complication requiring medical attention. Persistent or worsening pain, especially if sharp, burning, or stabbing, is concerning. New severe pain, or pain radiating to areas like the groin, leg, or testicle, should be evaluated by a doctor.
Signs of infection include redness, increased swelling, warmth at the surgical site, fever, chills, flu-like symptoms, or any drainage from the incision. Other indicators include a new lump or bulging, signaling mesh dislodgement or migration. Bowel changes like persistent constipation, difficulty with urination or defecation, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal rigidity could point to serious issues such as obstruction or adhesion. These complications can manifest weeks, months, or even years after surgery.
Factors Influencing Mesh Sensation
Several factors influence how noticeable the surgical mesh is after hernia repair. The type of mesh plays a role; lightweight meshes are often associated with less foreign body sensation and reduced chronic pain compared to heavyweight meshes. Heavyweight meshes, while providing robust support, can be more palpable.
The surgical technique also impacts sensation. Laparoscopic approaches (TAPP or TEP) generally result in less chronic pain and foreign body sensation than traditional open repairs, partly because the mesh is placed deeper. The method used to secure the mesh (sutures, tacks, or glue) can influence discomfort, as nerve entrapment can occur. The hernia’s location and the patient’s biological response, including scar tissue and immune reactions, also contribute to the overall sensation.