A bone density test, most commonly performed using a Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) scan, provides important insights into bone health. Proper preparation for a DEXA scan contributes to the accuracy of the results.
Eating Before Your Test
You can eat and drink normally before a bone density test; there are no strict fasting requirements. The DEXA scan measures bone mineral density, so food intake does not affect its accuracy. However, some specialized body composition scans, which might be performed alongside a bone density test, may suggest a light meal or a short fasting period. Always confirm any specific dietary instructions with your healthcare provider or the imaging center performing your test.
A common recommendation is to avoid taking calcium supplements for at least 24 hours before your DEXA scan. This includes over-the-counter calcium supplements, multivitamins containing calcium, and some antacids that are high in calcium. The concern is that recent ingestion of these supplements could influence the scan’s readings. For other medications, you can continue your regular regimen unless advised otherwise by your doctor. Always discuss any medications or supplements you are taking with your healthcare provider beforehand.
Other Important Preparations
When preparing for a DEXA scan, wearing appropriate clothing is advisable. Loose-fitting, comfortable clothing without metal components such as zippers, buttons, or buckles is often recommended. Underwire bras should also be avoided, as metal can interfere with the X-ray beams. Some facilities may provide a gown for you to wear.
It is important to remove all metal objects, including jewelry, watches, keys, and any piercings, before the scan. Metal objects can block or distort the X-rays, creating artifacts on the images and potentially leading to inaccurate readings of bone mineral density.
You should inform your healthcare provider if you have recently undergone other imaging procedures that involved contrast materials, such as a barium exam, or a CT or radioisotope scan with injected contrast. These substances can remain in your system for several days and might interfere with the DEXA scan results. Your provider may advise you to wait a specific period before scheduling your bone density test. It is also important to inform your provider if there is any possibility you are pregnant, as DEXA scans, while using low levels of radiation, are generally avoided during pregnancy.
Understanding the Bone Density Test
A bone density test, specifically a DEXA scan, is a quick and non-invasive X-ray procedure used to measure the strength of your bones. This test uses two low-dose X-ray beams to assess bone mineral density (BMD), typically focusing on the bones in the hip and spine. The procedure is painless and usually takes only a few minutes to complete.
The primary purpose of a DEXA scan is to diagnose osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakened bones that are more susceptible to fractures. It also helps healthcare providers assess an individual’s risk of future bone fractures. Furthermore, these scans are used to monitor the effectiveness of treatments for osteoporosis or other conditions that affect bone density over time. By providing precise measurements of bone mineral content, the DEXA scan plays an important role in managing bone health.