Knee replacement surgery relieves pain and restores mobility in individuals with severe knee joint damage. Many want to return to normal activities, including exercise. Among these, squats are a frequently considered movement, as they are fundamental to many daily tasks. Understanding the possibilities and limitations of squats after knee replacement is important for recovery.
Understanding Post-Replacement Movement
Recovery after knee replacement surgery involves a gradual progression of movement. The artificial joint functions differently from a natural knee, and surrounding tissues need time to heal and adapt.
Physical therapy plays a central role in this process, guiding patients through exercises that improve range of motion and build strength. Adhering to these guidelines is important for all movements, ensuring proper healing and helping to avoid complications. The focus is on restoring functional movement and stability without overstressing the healing joint.
Squats: When They Become Possible
Performing squats after knee replacement is possible, with considerations for timing and individual recovery. The ability to squat depends on personal healing progress, the specific type of knee replacement received, and the clearance from a surgeon and physical therapist. Some implants are designed to allow a greater range of motion, which can influence the potential for deeper squatting.
Squats are not recommended in the early post-operative phase. Patients often need to achieve certain strength and flexibility milestones before attempting such movements. Full recovery can take up to three months for most activities, with the knee becoming as strong and resilient as possible between six months to a year. Each person’s recovery journey is unique, and progression should be tailored to individual circumstances.
Executing Squats Safely
When cleared to perform squats, use modified techniques safe for a replaced knee. Deep squats, which involve bending the knee deeply, are generally not recommended as they can put excessive pressure on the artificial joint and may not be possible or desirable after surgery. Instead, focus on partial or shallow squats, which are acceptable for exercise.
Chair squats are a common starting point, where one sits down and stands up from a chair, gradually progressing to removing the chair. Wall squats are another safe variation, performed by leaning against a wall with feet shoulder-width apart and 12 to 18 inches away, then sliding down slowly. During these movements, limit depth to a 20-30 degree bend, aiming for no more than 90 degrees. Maintain proper alignment by keeping knees over ankles and avoiding allowing them to extend past the toes. Avoid rapid movements, heavy weights without professional guidance, and any exercise that causes increased pain or swelling.
Consulting Your Healthcare Team
All decisions regarding exercise after knee replacement must involve your healthcare team, including your orthopedic surgeon and physical therapist. They provide personalized guidance, assess readiness, teach proper form, and guide progression safely.
Your physical therapist will help you understand your knee’s capabilities and limitations, adjusting exercises as your strength and mobility improve. Listen to your body and recognize warning signs. If you experience increased pain, swelling, or instability in your knee after performing any exercise, discontinue the activity and contact your medical professional immediately.