Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique that provides immediate support to someone experiencing cardiac arrest. It involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to maintain blood flow and oxygen to the brain and other vital organs. Understanding how to perform CPR can empower bystanders to make a difference.
Performing CPR on Someone with a Pacemaker
You can and should perform CPR on someone who has a pacemaker. Pacemakers are small, durable devices, typically implanted just under the skin in the upper chest or shoulder area. While usually on the left, they can be on the right or, in rare cases, even in the abdominal area. Performing chest compressions over a pacemaker is generally safe and will not damage the device or harm the rescuer. The benefits of maintaining blood flow through CPR far outweigh any theoretical risks to the device or the individual.
Important Steps During CPR
When a pacemaker is present, continue chest compressions as usual, focusing on the center of the chest over the lower half of the breastbone. If you feel the device, place your hands slightly above or below it, or directly over it if necessary, ensuring your hand placement allows for effective compressions. The primary goal is to deliver high-quality compressions at a rate of 100-120 beats per minute to circulate blood throughout the body.
Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) can and should be used on individuals with pacemakers. When placing AED pads, position them away from the pacemaker site to prevent electrical interference or potential damage to the device. If a pad would directly cover the pacemaker, place it at least 1-3 centimeters away from the device, usually on the upper right side of the chest and the lower left side of the rib cage. The AED will still deliver a life-saving shock when correctly positioned. Identifying a pacemaker is not a prerequisite for starting CPR; immediate action is always the priority.
Why Immediate Action Matters
Starting CPR immediately in cases of cardiac arrest is important, regardless of whether a pacemaker is present. Delays in initiating CPR significantly reduce the chance of survival. Each minute without CPR decreases a person’s chance of survival by approximately 10%. Therefore, checking for a pacemaker should not cause any delay in starting chest compressions. The primary goal is to maintain blood flow to the brain and other vital organs until professional medical help arrives.