Dentures are custom-fitted removable appliances that restore the function and appearance of natural teeth. They are designed to restore the ability to eat and speak properly after tooth loss. Many people transitioning to wearing dentures wonder if they must give up chewing gum. Chewing gum with this dental prosthetic is possible, but it depends heavily on the type of gum selected and how it is chewed.
The Dental Verdict on Chewing Gum
Chewing gum with dentures requires caution because traditional, sticky formulas present mechanical challenges for the prosthetic. Regular chewing gum has a high affinity for the acrylic resin material of most denture bases. This strong stickiness can lead to the gum bonding firmly to the appliance, making removal difficult without causing damage.
The sticky pulling action of the gum can destabilize the secure fit of the prosthetic, especially for full dentures that rely on a suction seal. Repetitive, firm chewing can disrupt this seal, causing the appliance to lift, click, or shift uncomfortably within the mouth. This movement introduces friction against the gum tissue, potentially leading to painful sore spots or irritation over time.
The forces generated during chewing can be unevenly distributed across the denture base. While the appliance handles the pressure of normal food mastication, the unique, elastic resistance of gum can place undue stress on specific areas. This uneven pressure, particularly if the denture fit is not perfect, may contribute to the long-term warping of the acrylic or the development of pressure points. Using a quality denture adhesive can improve retention and stability, mitigating the risk of dislodgement while chewing.
Choosing the Right Gum for Denture Wearers
Selecting the correct product is paramount to a successful chewing experience with dentures. The most important characteristic is a non-stick or “denture-friendly” formulation, engineered to have a reduced cohesive property. These specialized gums utilize polymers and coatings that are less likely to bond aggressively with the acrylic surfaces of the appliance.
A soft texture is highly recommended, particularly for new denture wearers, as it requires less strenuous force to chew. Avoid gums advertised as extremely firm or highly resilient, as they generate excessive pressure and strain on the jaw and the denture itself. Choosing a sugar-free option is also advisable to protect any remaining natural teeth or gum tissue from decay.
If a person wears a partial denture and retains some natural teeth, choosing a sugar-free gum containing xylitol offers an additional benefit. Xylitol inhibits the growth of certain oral bacteria, which helps reduce the risk of cavities on the remaining natural teeth. For all denture wearers, chewing gum stimulates salivary flow, which helps moisten the mouth and may improve the suction and comfort of the prosthetic.
Denture Care After Chewing Gum
Immediate and thorough cleaning of the dental appliance is necessary after chewing gum to ensure hygiene and prevent damage. Sticky residue left on the denture surface should be removed quickly to avoid attracting bacterial plaque. Allowing residue to remain can lead to biofilm formation, which causes odor and irritation.
If gum adheres to the denture, remove it carefully without using abrasive tools or harsh chemicals. Scraping the surface with fingernails or sharp objects can create micro-fractures or scratches in the acrylic, compromising the appliance’s integrity. A safe method for dissolving stubborn gum is to first remove what is possible manually, then soak the affected area in warm (not hot) white vinegar.
Heat must be avoided during the cleaning process, as thermoplastic elements, including the acrylic base or metal clasps on partial dentures, can distort or warp. Using a soft-bristled denture brush and a specialized denture cleanser will help gently lift any remaining residue without scratching the polished surface. Regular post-chewing care ensures the longevity of the denture and maintains comfort.