It is generally possible to breastfeed successfully after having a nipple piercing, though specific preparations and awareness of potential challenges are necessary. The ability to produce milk is determined by glandular tissue located behind the nipple, which is typically unaffected by a piercing that goes through the nipple itself. Many people with healed piercings successfully nourish their infants, but the process introduces unique considerations that differ from those without a history of piercing. The safety of the infant and the maintenance of breast health require careful attention before and during the lactation period.
Essential Pre-Lactation Preparation
The most important step before attempting to breastfeed is the complete removal of all jewelry from the piercing site. Leaving jewelry in place creates a significant hazard for the baby and can interfere with a proper latch, which is necessary for effective milk removal. The jewelry, especially if loose, can damage the delicate soft tissues inside the infant’s mouth, such as the gums, tongue, or palate. A poor latch caused by the presence of the jewelry can also lead to ineffective milk transfer and potentially a reduced milk supply over time.
The piercing channel, known as a fistula, may leak milk when the jewelry is removed, which is a normal occurrence. Since the jewelry must be removed for extended periods during lactation, the piercing may close entirely, even if it has been healed for a long time. It is recommended to keep the piercing site clean during the breaks between feedings to minimize any risk of infection.
Potential Issues Related to Scar Tissue and Milk Flow
The piercing process can result in the formation of scar tissue within the nipple, which has the potential to impact the function of the milk ducts. Human nipples typically contain multiple tiny ducts that carry milk to the surface, and a piercing may inadvertently damage or block some of these pathways. This internal scarring can sometimes redirect the flow of milk or prevent its easy release, occasionally leading to a diminished milk supply in the affected breast.
In some instances, the healed piercing channel itself can become an alternate exit point for milk. When the milk ejection reflex, or “let-down,” occurs, milk may be expelled not just from the natural duct openings, but also from the piercing hole. This can result in a forceful flow, sometimes described as “power spraying,” which may overwhelm the infant and cause them to cough, choke, or pull away from the breast during a feeding session. Laid-back or reclined nursing positions can sometimes help the infant manage a rapid milk flow by utilizing gravity to slow the stream.
The disruption or blockage of milk ducts from scar tissue increases the risk of developing a blocked duct or mastitis. A blocked duct is a localized area where milk flow is obstructed, which can present as a tender lump in the breast. If a blocked duct is not resolved, it can progress to mastitis, which is an inflammation of the breast tissue that often involves a bacterial infection and may include symptoms like fever and flu-like aches. It is important to monitor the breast for any signs of localized pain, swelling, or redness that could indicate an issue with milk removal.
Addressing Infection and Physical Hazards
The jewelry can become loose or even break under the pressure of the baby’s suckling, creating a choking hazard if the small piece of metal or plastic were to be swallowed or inhaled. For this reason, leaving the jewelry out completely for the duration of the lactation period is the safest course of action.
Another significant concern is the increased risk of infection, particularly if the piercing is relatively new or if hygiene is not maintained. Piercings take a substantial amount of time to fully heal, sometimes up to a year or more, and an unhealed site can be a pathway for bacteria to enter the breast tissue. This bacterial introduction elevates the risk of developing mastitis or a localized abscess, even in breasts that are not actively lactating.
If the piercing site shows signs of localized infection, such as increased redness, warmth, swelling, or discharge, medical attention should be sought immediately. The transmission of bacteria from an unhealed or poorly cleaned piercing site to the infant’s mouth is a possibility, underscoring the need for meticulous handwashing and cleaning of the nipple area before each feeding.