While most wasp species are primarily active during daylight hours, some can indeed fly at night.
Nocturnal Wasp Activity
Most wasps are diurnal, meaning they are active during the day and return to their nests at night for periods of inactivity. However, some species, particularly hornets, show increased activity during dusk or early evening as they return to their nests. The European hornet (Vespa crabro), for example, is known to fly and hunt at night, preying on other insects.
Specific circumstances can also prompt nocturnal wasp activity. Nest disturbance, such as accidental contact or the shining of a flashlight, can cause wasps to become aggressive and take flight, even in the dark. Wasps may also be drawn to artificial light sources like porch lights or street lamps, temporarily disrupting their normal rest cycle. Additionally, some parasitic wasps are truly nocturnal, laying their eggs on or near night-active insects like caterpillars.
How Wasps Navigate in Low Light
Wasps do not possess true night vision like some nocturnal animals, and their vision in low-light conditions is limited compared to their daytime sight. However, certain adaptations allow some species to navigate effectively in dim conditions. Their compound eyes, adapted for detecting movement, can have features that enhance light sensitivity in nocturnal species.
Wasps also rely on other senses for navigation in the dark. Olfaction, or smell, plays a significant role, particularly for locating food sources or returning to the nest. Tactile cues, or touch, can also assist them in navigating confined spaces or near the nest entrance. Their ability to navigate in dim light is attributed to a combination of enhanced vision and reliance on non-visual senses.
What to Do If You Encounter Wasps at Night
Encountering wasps at night can be unsettling, but remaining calm is important. Wasps typically do not sting unless provoked, even at night. If you observe wasps, avoid sudden movements or swatting at them, as this can make them feel threatened and increase the likelihood of a sting. Instead, move away slowly and deliberately.
If wasps are attracted to outdoor lights, consider adjusting the lighting or drawing curtains to minimize their attraction. Be aware of potential nesting sites near frequently used outdoor areas, especially if you notice consistent nocturnal activity. Disturbing a nest after dark can still provoke a defensive response from the colony.