Consuming too many cough drops can cause mouth sores; this problem is common during times of extended illness. When a person uses lozenges far more frequently than the package recommends, the delicate tissues inside the mouth become overwhelmed by a constant barrage of ingredients. This overuse can lead to oral irritation, inflammation, and lesions often mistaken for common canker sores. Understanding the specific mechanisms behind this irritation is the first step toward finding relief and preventing future discomfort.
The Primary Culprits in Cough Drops
The cooling sensation that provides relief from a sore throat is often delivered by menthol or eucalyptol, potent compounds that chemically irritate the oral lining. Menthol functions as a topical anesthetic, temporarily blocking nerve signals to numb pain, but in high concentrations or with prolonged contact, it acts as an irritant. This irritation can cause a burning sensation or localized inflammation on the sensitive mucous membranes of the cheeks, tongue, and gums.
Many cough drops also contain organic acids, such as citric acid, which is added as a flavor enhancer and acidifier. Continuous exposure to these acidic compounds lowers the pH level in the mouth, which can chemically soften the top layers of the oral tissue. This constant acidic environment promotes a localized breakdown of the mucosa, similar to a mild chemical burn, contributing to redness and the formation of painful lesions.
Physical and Secondary Causes of Oral Irritation
Beyond chemical effects, the physical act of dissolving a hard lozenge contributes significantly to oral trauma. The hard lozenge is a solid, abrasive object constantly moved and held against the same spot inside the mouth. This mechanical friction against the tongue, inner cheeks, or roof of the mouth can cause minor physical abrasions. Repeated trauma to a single area prevents the tissue from healing, eventually leading to a physically irritated sore.
The high sugar content found in many traditional cough drops creates an ideal environment for secondary infections. Excessive sugar feeds the naturally occurring yeast Candida albicans, leading to an overgrowth known as oral candidiasis, or thrush. This fungal infection typically presents as creamy white patches or sores on the tongue and inner cheeks, often accompanied by a burning sensation. Even sugar-free varieties contain sweeteners that can be fermented by oral bacteria, indirectly contributing to an acidic environment that disrupts the mouth’s natural balance.
Managing and Preventing Oral Irritation
To treat irritation, immediately discontinue using the cough drops causing the problem. Soothing the existing sores can be accomplished by rinsing the mouth several times a day with a mild salt water solution to cleanse the area and reduce inflammation. For more severe or persistent irritation, over-the-counter topical treatments or a mild medicated mouthwash may be recommended to aid in the healing process.
To prevent recurrence, strictly limit intake and adhere to the dosage instructions printed on the cough drop packaging. Consider switching to alternative methods for throat relief, such as drinking warm tea with honey or using a humidifier to keep the throat moist. If a lozenge is necessary, choose a low-sugar or non-medicated version, or alternate between different types to minimize exposure to any single irritating ingredient.