The birth control implant is a small, flexible rod inserted just beneath the skin on the inner side of the upper arm. This device, commonly known as Nexplanon, continuously releases a progestin hormone into the bloodstream. It works by preventing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus to block sperm, and thinning the uterine lining, thereby offering effective contraception for up to three years.
Implant Design and Resilience
The birth control implant (Nexplanon) is engineered for durability and flexibility, making breakage uncommon. This small rod, approximately 1.6 inches (4 centimeters) in length and 2 millimeters in diameter, is made from a flexible plastic called ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. The material allows the implant to bend and flex with the natural movements of the arm without compromising its structure.
The newer Nexplanon implant also contains a small amount of barium sulfate, which makes it radiopaque, meaning it can be seen on X-rays and other imaging techniques, unlike its predecessor, Implanon. This feature assists healthcare providers in confirming its placement and locating it if it cannot be felt.
Circumstances That Could Compromise Implant Integrity
While designed for resilience, certain unusual circumstances could potentially affect the implant’s integrity. Significant, direct trauma to the upper arm, such as a severe impact, might lead to bending or, in rare instances, an incomplete fracture. Such events are uncommon, as the implant is typically protected by subcutaneous tissue.
Complications during the initial insertion or subsequent removal procedures could also theoretically impact the implant. If the implant is inserted too deeply, it might be harder to locate and could potentially be near nerves or blood vessels, increasing removal complexity. While not directly causing breakage, an improper placement could lead to difficulties in handling the implant, which might introduce structural issues during attempted removal. Reports of breakage are rare, sometimes occurring during removal or in isolated cases without clear trauma.
Identifying Signs of an Issue
A primary indicator is a change in how the implant feels or if it is no longer palpable beneath the skin where it was inserted. You should be able to gently feel the matchstick-sized rod under your skin; if it feels bent, broken, or you cannot locate it, this warrants attention. Experiencing pain, bruising, or swelling that does not resolve at the insertion site could also suggest an issue. While these symptoms can occur immediately after insertion, persistent or new onset of such discomfort may signal a concern. Changes in menstrual bleeding patterns, such as irregular or heavy bleeding, are common side effects of the implant but could also occur if the implant is compromised and not releasing hormones effectively.
Steps to Take If You Have Concerns
If you suspect your birth control implant is compromised or if you notice any concerning changes, contacting a healthcare provider immediately is the appropriate next step. It is important not to attempt to manipulate or remove the implant yourself. Your healthcare provider can perform a physical examination to try and locate the implant and assess its condition.
If the implant cannot be easily felt, your provider may use imaging techniques to determine its exact location and integrity. Common methods include ultrasound, which can visualize the implant and surrounding tissues, or X-rays, as Nexplanon is radiopaque. In more complex cases, a CT scan or MRI might be used to precisely locate a deeply inserted or migrated implant. Once the implant’s status is assessed, your healthcare provider can advise on next steps, which may involve its removal and replacement to ensure continued contraceptive protection.