Sweat bees are small insects known for their attraction to human perspiration. They belong to the large Halictidae family, found on every continent except Antarctica. Their common name, “sweat bee,” originates from their behavior of landing on people to lap up sweat, seeking the salts and minerals it contains. These bees are generally small, often with a metallic sheen, and play a significant role as pollinators in various ecosystems.
Sweat Bee Stinging Habits
Female sweat bees can sting, but they are not typically aggressive. A sting usually occurs only when a bee feels threatened, is accidentally trapped against the skin, or is squashed. Unlike honeybees, sweat bees do not die after stinging because their stingers are not barbed and do not remain embedded in the skin.
What a Sweat Bee Sting Feels Like
The sensation of a sweat bee sting is generally mild, often described as a fleeting, sharp pain similar to a pinprick or a light static shock. For most individuals, the immediate reaction involves a small red bump, some slight swelling, and mild itching at the sting site. This reaction is considerably less painful and less reactive than stings from more aggressive bees or wasps.
Recognizing Sweat Bees
Sweat bees range from about 0.1 to 0.6 inches (3 to 15 millimeters) in length, making them smaller than common honeybees. Their coloration varies widely; many species exhibit striking metallic hues of green, blue, copper, or purple, while others may be duller black or brown. Some species also feature stripes on their abdomens. Their slender bodies and flight patterns can sometimes lead to them being mistaken for small flies. These bees are commonly encountered in gardens, fields, and other open areas where flowers are abundant, as they often nest in the ground or in rotting wood.
Caring for a Sting
If stung by a sweat bee, promptly wash the affected area with soap and water to clean the site. Applying a cold pack or ice wrapped in a cloth can help reduce any swelling and discomfort. Over-the-counter pain relievers or anti-itch creams, such as hydrocortisone or calamine lotion, may be used to alleviate pain and itching. It is advisable to avoid scratching the sting site, as this can worsen irritation and potentially lead to infection. Seek medical attention if symptoms of an allergic reaction develop, such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, hives, or dizziness, or if multiple stings occur.