Many individuals who use steroid eye drops report experiencing an unpleasant taste in their mouth, often described as metallic or bitter.
The Connection
This taste disturbance is a common, mild, and temporary side effect of these ophthalmic medications, typically resolving once treatment is completed. It is a known side effect associated with various types of eye drops, including corticosteroids like prednisolone and dexamethasone. While the sensation can be surprising, it does not typically indicate a serious issue.
How It Happens
The connection between eye drops and a taste in the mouth lies in the body’s drainage system. When eye drops are administered, not all of the medication remains on the surface of the eye. The eyes are connected to the nasal cavity and throat through a system of ducts, primarily the tear duct.
Tears, along with any excess eye drops, drain through tiny openings called puncta located in the inner corners of the eyelids. From the puncta, the fluid travels through small tubes called canaliculi, which lead to a tear sac near the nose. This sac then empties into the tear duct, which drains directly into the nasal cavity.
The nasal cavity is connected to the back of the throat. Consequently, the active ingredients in the steroid eye drops can travel down this pathway and reach the taste receptors in the mouth or be swallowed, leading to the reported unpleasant taste. Studies indicate that a significant portion, possibly up to 80%, of an eye drop can be absorbed systemically rather than remaining in the eye.
What You Can Do
Several practical steps can help minimize the unpleasant taste from steroid eye drops. One effective technique is punctal occlusion. Immediately after applying the drop, gently press on the inner corner of your eye, near the bridge of your nose, for about 30 seconds to one minute. This action helps to temporarily block the nasolacrimal duct, preventing the medication from draining into the nasal cavity and throat.
Staying hydrated by drinking water after administering the drops can help rinse away any residual taste. Rinsing your mouth with water or consuming a strong-flavored food or drink shortly after using the drops can also help mask the taste.
When to Talk to Your Doctor
While a bad taste from steroid eye drops is common and usually harmless, there are situations when it warrants medical consultation. If the unpleasant taste is severe, persistent beyond the expected treatment period, or significantly impacts your quality of life, it is advisable to speak with your doctor. Additionally, if the taste is accompanied by other concerning symptoms, such as significant eye irritation that does not resolve, changes in vision, increased eye pain, or signs of an infection, medical attention should be sought promptly. It is crucial not to discontinue your prescribed steroid eye drops without first consulting your healthcare provider, as stopping treatment abruptly can have adverse effects on your eye condition.