Snapping turtles, with their formidable jaws, often spark questions about the potential danger they pose. This article explores the realities behind these concerns, examining their bite capabilities, typical behavior, and providing guidance for safe encounters.
The Real Danger of Their Bite
The question of whether a snapping turtle can bite off a human finger is a common concern. Common snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) can deliver a painful bite causing serious damage, but reports of them severing fingers are largely unproven. Their bite force typically measures around 126 to 210 Newtons (approximately 28 to 47 PSI). This force, combined with their sharp, beak-like jaws, can lead to deep lacerations, crushed tissue, and potentially bone fractures.
Alligator snapping turtles (Macrochelys temminckii) are a different matter. These larger relatives possess a significantly stronger bite, estimated to exert up to 1000 PSI. This immense power means they are capable of causing severe injuries, including near amputation of digits. Their jaws are designed for crushing and tearing, allowing them to break through bone.
Snapping Turtle Temperament
Snapping turtles are generally defensive rather than aggressive towards humans. Their primary instinct when threatened is to retreat, especially in water, where they are typically docile and avoid confrontations. However, their behavior changes significantly on land.
On land, snapping turtles feel vulnerable because they cannot fully retract into their shells like many other turtle species. Their mobility is reduced, and they perceive humans as potential predators. If cornered or picked up, they will rapidly extend their necks and snap defensively. This “snap” is a defense mechanism, not an act of aggression, and they will hold on tightly if they grab something.
Safe Encounters and Prevention
Encountering a snapping turtle requires caution to ensure both human and animal safety. If you see one in the wild, give it ample space and never attempt to handle it. Their long, flexible necks allow them to strike surprisingly far and quickly.
If a snapping turtle needs to be moved from a dangerous location, such as a road, use extreme caution. Never pick up a snapping turtle by its tail, as this can severely injure its spine. For smaller common snapping turtles, carefully use the “wheelbarrow method” by grasping the back of the shell near the hind legs and guiding it forward. For larger or alligator snapping turtles, it’s safer to encourage them to bite onto a long stick or use a shovel to carefully slide or lift them in the direction they were already headed. Wear sturdy gloves if handling is unavoidable.
If bitten by a snapping turtle, immediate first aid is necessary. Clean the wound thoroughly with soap and water for 5-10 minutes to remove debris and reduce infection risk. Apply pressure to stop any bleeding. Given that turtles can carry bacteria like Salmonella, seeking professional medical attention is advised for any bite that breaks the skin. Medical professionals can assess the wound, prescribe antibiotics if needed, and determine if a tetanus shot is necessary.