Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a common viral infection that causes blisters or sores. These outbreaks typically appear on or around the mouth (oral herpes) or genitals (genital herpes), or other body parts. Once infected, the virus remains in the body for life, lying dormant in nerve cells. HSV is a widespread infection; globally, an estimated 64% of people under 50 have HSV-1, and 13% of those aged 15-49 have HSV-2.
The Link Between Shaving and HSV Outbreaks
Shaving does not cause the herpes simplex virus itself, but it can act as a trigger for an existing infection to become active. The virus resides in a dormant state within nerve cells, and certain stimuli can reactivate it. Shaving introduces physical irritation or trauma to the skin, which can disturb this dormant state. This is similar to how stress, illness, or hormonal changes can trigger an outbreak. Thus, while not a direct cause, shaving can create an environment conducive to viral reactivation.
How Shaving Can Trigger an Outbreak
Shaving can trigger an HSV outbreak through physical trauma and the body’s immune response. When skin is shaved, it can result in microscopic abrasions, irritation, and inflammation. These small traumas stress the skin and underlying nerve endings where the virus lies dormant. The body responds by releasing chemical messengers called cytokines. These cytokines can favor viral reactivation, causing the virus to travel down nerve fibers to the skin’s surface, resulting in blisters or sores.
Reducing Risk When Shaving
Individuals with HSV who choose to shave can take several steps to minimize the risk of triggering an outbreak. Using a sharp, clean razor reduces friction and irritation. Shaving with the grain of the hair, rather than against it, helps prevent micro-abrasions and discomfort. Applying a lubricating shaving cream or gel creates a barrier for smoother razor glide. Avoiding dry shaving is advisable, as it increases irritation.
After shaving, moisturizing the skin can soothe it. It is important to avoid shaving over any existing sores or if prodromal symptoms, such as tingling or itching, are present, as this could spread the virus or worsen an outbreak. For some, considering alternatives to shaving may be beneficial. Trimming hair, using depilatory creams, or exploring options like laser hair removal can reduce direct skin trauma. These methods may offer less irritation for individuals prone to outbreaks.