Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common, non-cancerous skin growth. These growths often develop as people age, raising questions about their appearance. A frequent concern is whether they can bleed. This article explains why seborrheic keratosis might bleed and when medical attention is necessary.
What Seborrheic Keratosis Is
Seborrheic keratosis is a benign skin growth common among adults aged 50 and older. These growths typically have a “stuck-on” appearance, as if dripped onto the skin. They vary in color from light tan to brown or black, and their texture may be waxy, scaly, or slightly raised.
These lesions can appear anywhere on the body, frequently on the face, neck, chest, back, and arms. They range in size from small bumps to over an inch across and are not considered contagious. Over 90% of adults aged 65 and older are believed to have at least one seborrheic keratosis.
Why Seborrheic Keratosis May Bleed
Seborrheic keratosis can bleed, and a common reason is direct physical irritation or trauma. This can occur from unintentional scratching, rubbing against clothing, or friction from jewelry. Growths in areas prone to constant rubbing, such as the bra line, waistline, or collar, are particularly susceptible.
The texture of seborrheic keratosis also contributes to its fragility. Some lesions have a crumbly or rough surface, making them vulnerable to minor injuries that lead to bleeding. Additionally, these growths can become inflamed, causing redness and itchiness, which can also lead to bleeding if irritated.
When Bleeding Requires Medical Evaluation
While bleeding from seborrheic keratosis is often due to minor irritation, medical evaluation is sometimes necessary. Consult a doctor if a lesion bleeds spontaneously without apparent trauma, or if bleeding is persistent and prolonged.
Changes in a skin lesion’s appearance are also warning signs. Any rapid changes in size, shape, or color should prompt a medical consultation. While seborrheic keratosis is not cancerous, other serious skin conditions like melanoma or basal cell carcinoma can resemble it. A healthcare professional can accurately differentiate between benign seborrheic keratosis and potentially more serious conditions.
Other concerning signs include the lesion becoming consistently painful or excessively itchy. Signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus, also indicate the need for medical attention.
Caring for Seborrheic Keratosis
Managing seborrheic keratosis, particularly if it bleeds or is irritated, involves practical self-care. For minor bleeding, gently clean the area with mild soap and water. Apply light, direct pressure to stop bleeding, and cover the lesion with a non-stick bandage and a thin layer of petroleum jelly to protect it while healing. Avoid hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, as these can slow the healing process.
To minimize irritation and prevent future bleeding, wear loose-fitting clothing that does not rub against the growth. Avoid scratching the lesion and be mindful of jewelry that might snag it.
If a seborrheic keratosis is frequently irritated, bleeds often, or is cosmetically bothersome, a dermatologist can offer removal options. Common methods include cryotherapy (freezing with liquid nitrogen) or curettage (scraping off the growth). Electrocautery (using an electric current to burn off the growth) and laser therapy are also available. These procedures are typically performed for symptom relief or cosmetic reasons, as seborrheic keratosis does not require treatment for health reasons.