Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located in the lower part of the rectum and around the anus. Sometimes referred to as piles, these vascular cushions can become inflamed, leading to discomfort.
Running and Hemorrhoid Flare-Ups
Running itself does not directly cause hemorrhoids to develop. Hemorrhoids are often present and may become symptomatic due to other factors. Running can aggravate existing hemorrhoids or trigger a flare-up of symptoms. This occurs because the activity can contribute to conditions that place stress on the anal and rectal veins.
Hemorrhoids are categorized into two main types: internal and external. Internal hemorrhoids form inside the rectum and typically cause painless bleeding, often noticed as bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl. External hemorrhoids develop under the skin around the anus and are generally more painful, causing itching, discomfort, or a noticeable lump.
Why Running Can Worsen Hemorrhoids
Increased intra-abdominal pressure can occur during strenuous exercise, especially if proper breathing techniques are not maintained. This pressure can engorge the veins in the anal canal, leading to swelling and discomfort.
The repetitive jarring and impact of running also place stress on the pelvic floor and anal area. This constant motion can irritate already swollen hemorrhoidal tissue, potentially causing inflammation and pain.
Dehydration is another contributing factor, as runners can lose significant fluids through sweating. Insufficient hydration can lead to harder stools and constipation, which then necessitate straining during bowel movements. Straining puts additional pressure on the hemorrhoidal veins, exacerbating their condition. Friction and excessive sweating in the anal region during a run can cause irritation. The accumulation of sweat and the rubbing of clothing against the skin can lead to chafing, intensifying discomfort in an already sensitive area.
Strategies for Runners to Prevent Flare-Ups
To minimize the risk of hemorrhoid flare-ups, runners should maintain proper hydration. Consistently drinking plenty of water before, during, and after runs helps keep stools soft and prevents constipation. Incorporating a fiber-rich diet, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, further supports regular and easy bowel movements, reducing the need to strain.
Focus on proper running form and breathing. Avoiding breath-holding or excessive straining during runs helps manage intra-abdominal pressure. Wearing appropriate gear, such as moisture-wicking and seamless running attire, can reduce friction and irritation in the anal area, preventing chafing from sweat.
Post-run care includes gently cleaning the anal area after a run and avoiding harsh wiping to prevent further aggravation. Warm sitz baths can offer soothing relief by promoting blood flow and relaxing muscles in the affected region. Adjusting running intensity or taking rest days when discomfort arises can prevent symptoms from escalating.
When to Seek Medical Advice
While many hemorrhoid symptoms can be managed with home remedies, medical consultation is sometimes advisable. Seek medical attention if you experience persistent pain, significant or dark rectal bleeding, or if a hemorrhoid prolapses and cannot be gently pushed back inside.
Consult a doctor if home treatments do not improve symptoms within about a week, or if you notice signs of infection such as fever, chills, or pus. Bleeding from the rectum should always be evaluated by a healthcare provider to rule out more serious underlying conditions.