Rotting teeth and other oral issues can significantly impact overall bodily health. A strong link exists between oral health and general well-being. Maintaining healthy teeth and gums is integral to maintaining health throughout the body.
How Oral Bacteria Impact Your Body
Bacteria from decaying teeth and gum infections can spread beyond the mouth, affecting other bodily systems. When oral tissues are compromised, such as with bleeding gums or deep pockets from gum disease, bacteria can enter the bloodstream. This process, known as bacteremia, allows oral microbes to travel through the circulatory system to distant organs.
Chronic oral infections also trigger a systemic inflammatory response. The body’s immune system, fighting these infections, releases inflammatory mediators that circulate widely. Certain oral bacteria can also release toxins that enter the bloodstream, potentially causing tissue damage elsewhere in the body. This ongoing inflammation can contribute to various health concerns, even if bacteria do not directly colonize specific organs.
Health Conditions Linked to Unhealthy Teeth
Poor oral health, particularly severe gum disease like periodontitis, has been associated with several systemic health conditions. There is a strong connection between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases, including heart disease and stroke. This link is partly due to systemic inflammation originating in the mouth, and because oral pathogens can directly enter the bloodstream and be found within atherosclerotic plaques.
A two-way relationship exists between oral health and diabetes. Individuals with periodontal disease face a 20-30% increased risk of developing diabetes, while those with diabetes are about 1.5 times more likely to develop gum disease. Oral infections and their associated inflammation can make it more challenging to control blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes.
Inhaling bacteria from the mouth can also contribute to respiratory issues. Oral bacteria, especially those causing gum disease, can be drawn into the lungs, potentially leading to pneumonia, bronchitis, or emphysema. This risk is elevated for individuals with weakened immune systems or those in long-term care facilities.
Poor oral health has also been linked to complications during pregnancy, such as preterm birth and low birth weight babies. Bacteria from infected gums can enter the mother’s bloodstream and travel to the uterus, where they may trigger the production of inflammatory substances that contribute to early uterine contractions.
Research indicates an association between poor oral health and a higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Mechanisms involve chronic systemic inflammation and the spread of oral bacteria to the brain.
Gum disease has also been linked to chronic kidney disease. Studies show severe oral inflammation can negatively affect kidney function, potentially involving inflammation, circulating bacteria, or cellular stress.
Protecting Your Health Through Oral Care
Maintaining good oral hygiene is a practical way to protect overall health. Regular dental check-ups are important for the early detection of dental issues like decay and gum disease. Professional cleanings during these visits help remove plaque and tartar that regular brushing cannot eliminate. Dentists typically recommend check-ups every six months to a year.
Daily oral hygiene practices are equally important. Brushing teeth twice a day for two minutes with fluoride toothpaste effectively removes food debris and bacteria. Angle the toothbrush bristles towards the gumline and use gentle, circular motions. Flossing daily is also necessary to remove plaque and food particles from between teeth and along the gumline, areas a toothbrush cannot reach.
Dietary choices influence oral health. Limiting the consumption of sugary foods and drinks should be limited, as sugar provides fuel for oral bacteria to produce acids that erode tooth enamel and lead to decay. Frequent snacking, especially on sugary items, prolongs the acid attack on teeth. Addressing any dental pain or decay promptly through early intervention can prevent minor issues from escalating into more serious problems that might impact systemic health.