Prednisone, a widely prescribed corticosteroid, alleviates inflammation and modulates the immune system. It is commonly used for conditions such as severe allergies, arthritis, asthma, certain blood disorders, and lupus, offering relief from symptoms. Prednisone functions by mimicking cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands, which helps regulate stress and immune responses.
The Link Between Prednisone and Heartburn
Heartburn, characterized by a burning sensation behind the breastbone, is a recognized and common side effect of prednisone. Many individuals taking this medication experience heartburn or indigestion. The likelihood of this side effect increases with higher doses and longer durations of prednisone use.
Why Prednisone Can Cause Heartburn
Prednisone can contribute to heartburn through several mechanisms within the digestive system. It can irritate the stomach lining, potentially increasing acid production and causing a burning sensation. Additionally, prednisone can influence the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle that acts as a barrier between the esophagus and the stomach. Prednisone might reduce the LES’s ability to remain tightly closed, allowing stomach contents to reflux into the esophagus. Prednisone can also increase the risk of developing conditions like gastritis and peptic ulcers, both of which can cause stomach pain and contribute to heartburn.
Strategies for Managing Heartburn
Managing heartburn while taking prednisone often involves lifestyle adjustments and, in some cases, over-the-counter remedies. Eating smaller, more frequent meals can reduce stomach pressure and reflux. Avoiding trigger foods such as spicy dishes, fatty or greasy foods, chocolate, mint, acidic fruits and juices, caffeine, and carbonated drinks can also help alleviate symptoms. Avoid lying down immediately after eating; allow a few hours for digestion before reclining to prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. Elevating the head of the bed by six to eight inches can further help prevent nighttime reflux.
Over-the-counter options like antacids can provide temporary relief by neutralizing stomach acid. H2 blockers or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can also provide relief by reducing acid production. However, consult a healthcare provider before starting any new medication, especially when taking prednisone, to ensure appropriateness and avoid potential interactions. Taking prednisone with food or milk can also help reduce stomach irritation.
When to Consult a Doctor
Consult a doctor if heartburn symptoms become severe, persistent, or worsen while taking prednisone. Also consult a healthcare provider if heartburn is accompanied by other concerning symptoms, such as difficulty or pain when swallowing, unexplained weight loss, chest pain, or black, tarry stools. These additional symptoms could indicate a more serious underlying issue, such as stomach ulcers or bleeding. Never adjust the prednisone dosage or discontinue the medication without guidance from a doctor, as suddenly stopping prednisone can lead to serious health problems.