Philodendrons are popular houseplants that can flourish in water, offering a unique and visually appealing way to enjoy their beauty. This straightforward method allows for direct observation of root development and leverages the plant’s natural ability to root in water, making it accessible for all plant enthusiasts.
Growing Philodendrons in Water
Choosing the Right Cutting
Selecting a suitable cutting is the first step. Choose healthy, vibrant stems with at least one node, a small bump where new roots will develop. Cuttings should be 4 to 6 inches long, ensuring enough stem for submersion and a few leaves for photosynthesis.
Preparing the Cutting
Prepare the cutting by carefully removing any leaves that would be submerged. Submerged leaves can rot, leading to bacterial growth that hinders root development. Use clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears for the cut, ideally just below a node, to minimize damage and prevent disease transfer.
Setting Up Your Container
Clear glass containers are preferred for easy observation of root growth and water levels. Plastic or ceramic vessels can also be used, provided they are appropriately sized. Submerge the node fully in the water, ensuring no leaves are underwater. Position the cutting stably within the container.
Caring for Water-Grown Philodendrons
Water Quality and Changes
Use filtered, distilled, or non-chlorinated water, as tap water can contain chemicals like chlorine that negatively impact delicate roots. Change the water every one to two weeks, or when cloudy, to prevent stagnation and bacterial buildup. Monitor the water level to ensure nodes and roots remain submerged.
Light Requirements
Philodendrons thrive in bright, indirect light. Place the container near a window with filtered light, such as an east or north-facing window. Direct sunlight can scorch leaves, while insufficient light may lead to weak, leggy growth or reduced foliage vibrancy. Rotate the plant periodically for even light exposure and balanced growth.
Nutrient Needs
Unlike soil, water alone does not provide all the necessary nutrients for sustained plant growth. For philodendrons grown long-term in water, supplementing with a diluted liquid fertilizer is beneficial. A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer can be added every two to four weeks during the growing season. Follow dilution instructions carefully to avoid over-fertilization, which can harm the plant.
Temperature and Humidity
Philodendrons originate from tropical regions and prefer warm, humid environments. An ideal temperature range is between 65°F and 80°F (18°C to 27°C). Keep them away from cold drafts or extreme temperature fluctuations, which can cause stress. Maintaining moderate to high humidity, around 50% or higher, is also beneficial; this can be achieved through grouping plants or using a humidifier.
Benefits and Considerations
Growing philodendrons in water offers several advantages. The transparent medium allows for easy observation of root development and reduces issues with soil-borne pests. Aesthetically, water-grown philodendrons add a unique visual element, with their roots becoming part of the display. However, they may not achieve the same size or growth rate as soil-bound plants over extended periods due to the different nutrient delivery system.
Transitioning to Soil
When roots reach one to two inches in length, a water-grown philodendron cutting can be transitioned to soil. This transfer is best done when roots are well-established but not excessively long, as water-grown roots have a different structure. Prepare a small pot with a well-draining potting mix, ideally one that is light and airy with components like perlite or bark chips for good aeration. Gently place the rooted cutting into the soil, ensuring all roots are covered, then water thoroughly to help the soil settle.
Common Challenges
Water-grown philodendrons can encounter specific issues. Algae growth is common, especially in clear containers exposed to light; regular water changes or opaque containers help manage it. Root rot can occur if water isn’t changed frequently enough, leading to bacterial buildup and oxygen depletion. Nutrient deficiencies may also manifest if the plant isn’t regularly fertilized, causing slower growth or discolored foliage.