Optometrists do not perform Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis, or LASIK surgery. This complex procedure is strictly the domain of an ophthalmologist, a medical doctor specializing in eye surgery. LASIK is a surgical technique that uses a laser to reshape the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye, to correct common refractive errors like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. The difference in training and scope of practice dictates the involvement of each professional in surgical care.
Optometrist versus Ophthalmologist Training
An optometrist is a healthcare professional who has earned a Doctor of Optometry (O.D.) degree, typically after completing four years of undergraduate study and four years of optometry school. Their training focuses on primary vision care, including conducting eye exams, prescribing corrective lenses, and diagnosing and managing various eye conditions. Optometrists are not medical doctors, and their scope of practice does not include performing surgery.
In contrast, an ophthalmologist is a medical doctor (M.D. or D.O.) who completes four years of medical school, a one-year internship, and a three-year hospital-based residency in ophthalmology. This extensive training qualifies them to practice medicine and surgery. They are trained to diagnose and treat all eye diseases, including performing complex procedures like LASIK and cataract surgery.
Optometrist Involvement in Pre-Operative Care
Optometrists play an important function in the overall LASIK process through a collaborative approach known as co-management. The process begins with the optometrist conducting a thorough pre-operative evaluation to determine a patient’s suitability for the procedure. This initial assessment involves comprehensive eye exams to check for overall eye health and identify conditions that could affect the outcome, such as severe dry eye or corneal irregularities.
Diagnostic Measurements
The optometrist utilizes advanced diagnostic tools to measure specific corneal properties. These measurements include corneal topography, which maps the shape of the cornea, and pachymetry, which precisely measures corneal thickness. The optometrist also confirms that the patient’s prescription has remained stable for at least one year, a prerequisite for successful LASIK. Following this detailed evaluation, the optometrist provides an opinion on candidacy and refers the patient to an ophthalmologist specializing in the procedure.
Optometrist Involvement in Post-Operative Care
Following the LASIK procedure, optometrists continue to be involved in the patient’s recovery through co-management. This post-operative phase ensures proper healing and monitors the final visual outcome. The first follow-up appointment is often scheduled within 24 to 48 hours of the surgery and is frequently handled by the patient’s optometrist.
The optometrist monitors the healing progress of the corneal flap and checks for early signs of complications, such as infection or inflammation. They provide guidance on the post-operative regimen, including instructions on the use of prescribed eye drops to prevent infection and promote healing. Over the following weeks and months, the optometrist conducts regular follow-up visits to assess visual acuity and manage common side effects like temporary dry eye or glare.