Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and tenderness in various parts of the body. Individuals with this condition often experience heightened sensitivity to physical touch. This article explores the relationship between massage and fibromyalgia, addressing how it can sometimes exacerbate symptoms and how to find an appropriate approach.
The Nature of Fibromyalgia Pain
Fibromyalgia involves widespread musculoskeletal pain, often described as a persistent dull ache. Beyond pain, individuals frequently experience severe fatigue that does not improve with rest, sleep disturbances, and cognitive difficulties, sometimes referred to as “fibro fog.” A defining characteristic is heightened sensitivity to stimuli, often due to the central nervous system processing pain signals differently. This altered pain processing can manifest as allodynia, where non-painful stimuli are perceived as painful, or hyperalgesia, an amplified response to normally painful stimuli. The condition often includes specific “tender points” that are particularly sensitive to pressure. This increased sensitivity explains why individuals with fibromyalgia might react unexpectedly to physical therapies, including massage.
How Massage Can Exacerbate Symptoms
While massage can offer benefits for fibromyalgia, certain approaches can intensify symptoms. Excessive pressure is a primary factor, overstimulating sensitive areas and triggering increased pain. Deep tissue massage, for instance, is generally not recommended for individuals with fibromyalgia, as intense pressure can be too painful and potentially cause a significant flare-up. Aggressive or overly vigorous techniques also lead to heightened discomfort and prolonged soreness.
Direct, prolonged pressure on active tender points can worsen pain, as these areas are uniquely sensitive. Attempting to “work out” these points with strong pressure may leave an individual in pain for an extended period.
Massage, like other physical activities, can sometimes lead to post-exertional malaise (PEM), a worsening of symptoms after exertion. This occurs because the body’s reaction to physical manipulation can be perceived as an overexertion, leading to a flare-up that may include widespread pain, fatigue, and other symptoms. Performing massage during an active fibromyalgia flare-up is particularly risky and can significantly worsen the pain and overall condition.
Finding the Right Massage Approach
Finding a suitable massage approach for fibromyalgia involves careful consideration and communication. It is beneficial to seek a licensed massage therapist experienced with chronic pain conditions, particularly fibromyalgia. An experienced therapist will understand the condition’s nuances and adapt techniques accordingly. Open communication with the therapist is important, allowing individuals to discuss pain levels, sensitive areas, and preferred pressure.
Starting with very gentle pressure and shorter sessions is often recommended, gradually increasing intensity only if well-tolerated. Techniques like Swedish massage, known for its gentle, long strokes, can promote relaxation and reduce muscle tension without discomfort. Myofascial release, which targets connective tissue, and craniosacral therapy are also considered gentle options that may provide relief. Lymphatic drainage massage, with its light, rhythmic strokes, can also be beneficial by stimulating the lymphatic system. It is crucial to listen to one’s body and inform the therapist immediately if any technique or pressure causes increased pain.
After Your Massage Session
Following a massage session, individuals with fibromyalgia may experience various reactions. Some temporary soreness or mild discomfort is common after any massage, but significant pain or a severe flare-up is not an an expected outcome. It is important to differentiate between typical post-massage sensations and a worsening of fibromyalgia symptoms.
Staying well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water after a session can help the body process any metabolic changes. Gentle stretching or taking a warm bath can be helpful self-care strategies if mild discomfort occurs. Monitoring how the body responds to different massage techniques and pressures is important for future sessions. Providing feedback to the therapist about what felt beneficial and what caused discomfort allows for adjustments in subsequent treatments. If massage consistently worsens symptoms despite modifications, it may be advisable to discontinue it and explore other complementary therapies.