Losartan is a medication frequently prescribed to manage high blood pressure, also known as hypertension, and various heart conditions. This medication belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin II receptor blockers, or ARBs. Tinnitus is a common auditory perception characterized by a ringing, buzzing, hissing, clicking, or roaring sound in one or both ears, without any external sound source.
The Link Between Losartan and Tinnitus
Losartan has been identified as a potential cause of tinnitus, though this side effect is uncommon. While the exact biological processes are not fully understood, the medication may influence blood flow dynamics within the inner ear. Changes in the delicate circulatory system of the cochlea could contribute to the perception of these sounds.
Another proposed mechanism involves Losartan’s effects on neurotransmitters. Alterations in these neurochemical pathways, particularly those involved in auditory processing, might lead to tinnitus. Some research suggests that ARBs like Losartan may have a lower risk of causing tinnitus compared to other types of blood pressure medications, such as ACE inhibitors.
Cases of tinnitus with Losartan, and other ARBs, are reported more frequently when these drugs are taken with diuretics. This suggests a potential interaction or additive effect that could heighten the risk of auditory disturbances. The FDA drug label for Losartan lists tinnitus as a less common adverse reaction under “Ear and Labyrinth Disorders.”
Incidence and Reporting of Losartan-Related Tinnitus
The reported incidence of tinnitus in patients taking Losartan is low, classifying it as an uncommon side effect. Clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance data indicate that while it occurs, it is not among the most frequently observed adverse reactions. For instance, in one study, the incidence of tinnitus in patients receiving angiotensin II receptor blockers was about 13.5%. This was lower compared to diuretics, which showed an incidence of approximately 27.2%.
Reporting adverse drug reactions, such as tinnitus, helps monitor medication safety. In the United States, patients and healthcare professionals can submit reports to the FDA through its MedWatch program. These reports provide data that help regulatory bodies track side effects and update medication information.
What to Do if You Experience Tinnitus While Taking Losartan
If you are taking Losartan and begin to experience tinnitus, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Do not stop taking Losartan on your own, as abruptly discontinuing medication for high blood pressure can lead to dangerous increases in blood pressure and other serious health issues. Your doctor can evaluate your symptoms and determine if Losartan is the likely cause of your tinnitus or if there are other underlying reasons for the auditory disturbance.
Your healthcare provider can discuss management strategies, including adjusting your Losartan dosage or exploring alternative medications for your blood pressure or heart condition. They will consider your overall health, the severity of your tinnitus, and Losartan’s effectiveness in managing your primary condition. Consulting with a medical professional ensures that any changes to your treatment plan are made safely and appropriately, prioritizing your health and well-being.